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Shloka 83

Vāsudeva-Māhātmya: Duryodhana’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Theological Account of Keśava

अमृष्यमाण: स ततो महात्मा यशस्विनं सर्वदशार्हभर्ता । उवाच शैनेयमभिप्रशंसन्‌ दृष्टवा कुरूनापतत: समग्रान्‌,इन्द्रके छोटे भाई श्रीकृष्णने उन श्रेष्ठ राजाओंको सब ओर भागते देखा और इस बातपर भी लक्ष्य किया कि अर्जुन तो कोमलताके साथ युद्ध कर रहा है और भीष्म इस संग्राममें अधिकाधिक प्रचण्ड होते जा रहे हैं। यह सब देखकर सम्पूर्ण यदुकुलका भरण- पोषण करनेवाले महात्मा भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्ण सहन न कर सके। उन्होंने समस्त कौरवोंको सब ओरसे आक्रमण करते देख यशस्वी वीर सात्यकिकी प्रशंसा करते हुए कहा --

amṛṣyamāṇaḥ sa tato mahātmā yaśasvinaṃ sarvadaśārhabhartā | uvāca śaineyam abhipraśaṃsan dṛṣṭvā kurūn āpatataḥ samagrān ||

Sañjaya sprach: Da konnte jener großherzige Herr—Erhalter der gesamten Vṛṣṇi–Dāśārha-Linie—nicht länger ertragen, was er sah, und er redete, Śaineya (Sātyaki) preisend, als er die Kurus in geschlossener Masse heranstürmen sah. Der Vers rahmt Kṛṣṇas moralische Dringlichkeit: Wenn die gerechten Kämpfer bedrängt werden und die Wildheit der Schlacht sich steigert, weicht die Zurückhaltung einem entschlossenen Eingreifen zum Schutz von Dharma und Verbündeten.

अमृष्यमाणःunable to endure, impatient
अमृष्यमाणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमृष्यमाण (√मृष्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
महात्माthe great-souled one
महात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यशस्विनम्the renowned (one)
यशस्विनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयशस्विन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वदशार्हभर्ताthe supporter of all the Dāśārhas (Yadus)
सर्वदशार्हभर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-दशार्ह-भर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid, spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Root√वच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
शैनेयम्Śaineya (Sātyaki)
शैनेयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशैनेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभिप्रशंसन्praising (him)
अभिप्रशंसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√प्रशंस्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
कुरून्the Kurus
कुरून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आपततःrushing/attacking, falling upon
आपततः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√पत्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
समग्रान्all together, entire
समग्रान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमग्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa (sarvadaśārhabhartā)
Ś
Śaineya (Sātyaki)
K
Kurus (Kaurava forces)
D
Dāśārhas (Vṛṣṇi–Dāśārha clan)

Educational Q&A

When circumstances become intolerable—especially when dharma and one’s allies are endangered—mere restraint is not always virtuous; timely, decisive action guided by responsibility and protection of the righteous becomes necessary. The verse highlights Kṛṣṇa’s role as guardian-leader who responds to escalating adharma with purposeful intervention.

Sañjaya reports that Kṛṣṇa, seeing the Kuru forces charging together and the battle intensifying, cannot bear the situation. He speaks while praising Sātyaki (Śaineya), setting up Kṛṣṇa’s ensuing directive or action in response to the Kaurava onslaught.