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Shloka 18

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Anxiety and Bhīṣma’s Theological Explanation of Pāṇḍava Invincibility

Book 6, Chapter 61

रथी च समरे राजन्नासाद्य गजयूथपम्‌ | सगजं पातयामास गजी स रथिनां बरम्‌,राजन्‌! उस समरभूमिमें कोई रथी किसी गजयूथ-पतिसे भिड़ जाता और सवार तथा हाथी दोनोंको मार गिराता था। उसी प्रकार गजारोही भी रथियोंमें श्रेष्ठ वीरका वध कर देता था

rathī ca samare rājann āsādya gajayūthapam | sagajaṃ pātayāmāsa gajī sa rathināṃ varam ||

Sañjaya said: “O King, in that battle a chariot-warrior would close with an elephant-troop leader and strike him down together with his elephant; and likewise an elephant-rider would bring down the foremost of chariot-fighters. Thus, on the field, each arm of the army met the other in direct contest, and the slaughter fell on both mount and rider alike.”

रथीcharioteer, warrior on a chariot
रथी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
आसाद्यhaving encountered/attacked
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
गजयूथपम्leader of an elephant-troop
गजयूथपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगजयूथप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सगजम्together with the elephant
सगजम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस-गज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पातयामासcaused to fall; felled
पातयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (caus. पातय्)
FormPerfect (periphrastic), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
गजीelephant-rider; one mounted on an elephant
गजी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगजिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथिनाम्of chariot-warriors
रथिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वरम्the best, the foremost
वरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'O King')
R
rathī (chariot-warrior)
G
gajayūthapa (elephant-troop leader/chief elephant)
G
gajī (elephant-rider)
G
gaja (elephant)
R
ratha (chariot)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the grim reciprocity of war: prowess meets prowess, and violence rebounds across ranks—mount and rider, warrior and vehicle—highlighting the ethical weight of battlefield action and the indiscriminate cost of martial glory.

Sañjaya describes close engagements on the battlefield where chariot-fighters charge elephant leaders and fell both elephant and rider, while elephant-mounted warriors likewise kill eminent chariot-warriors—depicting intense, two-sided clashes between major military divisions.