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Shloka 53

भीष्मधनंजयद्वैरथम्

Bhīṣma–Dhanaṃjaya Duel and the Opening Clash

यतमानोौ तु तौ वीरावन्योन्यस्य वध प्रति

yatamānau tu tau vīrāv anyonyasya vadha prati

Sañjaya sprach: Die beiden Helden, mit voller Entschlossenheit ringend, drängten auf die Tötung des jeweils anderen zu—jeder auf den Tod des Gegners bedacht, nach der erbarmungslosen Logik der Schlacht.

यतमानौstriving, exerting
यतमानौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयतमान (यत् धातु, आत्मनेपदी वर्तमानकृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
वीरौheroes/warriors
वीरौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अन्योन्यस्यof each other
अन्योन्यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootअन्योन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वधम्slaying, killing
वधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रतिtowards/for (in regard to)
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
तौ वीरौ (the two heroes/warriors—unnamed in this half-verse)

Educational Q&A

The line highlights the grim reciprocity of war: when duty and enmity harden into mutual intent to kill, heroism becomes inseparable from moral peril, reminding the listener that violence—even when framed as kṣatriya action—carries a heavy ethical weight.

Sañjaya describes two opposing warriors locked in combat, both exerting themselves intensely and moving toward the decisive act of killing the other—an image of escalating duel-like confrontation within the larger Kurukṣetra war.