Shloka 53

शंस मे तद्‌ तथा चासीद्‌ युद्ध भीष्मस्य पाण्डवै: । योषेव हतवीरा मे सेना पुत्रस्य संजय,उस समय युद्धमें शत्रुहन्ता भीष्मजीके साथ कौन-कौनसे वीर थे? संजय! पाण्डवोंके साथ भीष्मका किस प्रकार युद्ध हुआ? यह मुझे बताओ। उन वीर सेनापतिके मारे जानेपर मेरे पुत्रकी सेना विधवा स्त्रीके समान असहाय हो गयी है

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | śaṁsa me tad yathā cāsīd yuddhaṁ bhīṣmasya pāṇḍavaiḥ | yoṣevā hatavīrā me senā putrasya sañjaya ||

Dhṛtarāṣṭra sprach: „Berichte mir genau, wie sich die Schlacht zwischen Bhīṣma und den Pāṇḍavas zutrug. Sañjaya, welche Helden standen Bhīṣma in diesem Kampf zur Seite? Denn da jener kriegerische Heerführer getroffen und zu Fall gebracht wurde, ist das Heer meines Sohnes schutzlos geworden—wie eine Witwe ohne Beistand.“

शंसtell, relate
शंस:
TypeVerb
Rootशंस्
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, 1, परस्मैपद
मेto me / my
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, षष्ठी, 1
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formनपुंसक, द्वितीया, 1
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आसीत्was, happened
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formलङ् (imperfect), 3, 1, परस्मैपद
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formनपुंसक, प्रथमा, 1
भीष्मस्यof Bhishma
भीष्मस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, 1
पाण्डवैःby/with the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, 3
योषाa woman
योषा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयोषा
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, 1
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
हतवीराwhose heroes are slain
हतवीरा:
TypeAdjective
Rootहतवीर
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, 1
मेmy
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, षष्ठी, 1
सेनाarmy
सेना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, 1
पुत्रस्यof (my) son
पुत्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, 1
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, 1

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Duryodhana (implied by 'putrasya')
K
Kaurava army (implied by 'me senā')

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the fragility of power dependent on a single protector: when the leading hero falls, an army (and by extension a polity) becomes vulnerable. It also reveals Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s attachment and anxiety—ethical blindness born of partiality—contrasted with the Mahābhārata’s recurring insistence that dharma and right counsel, not mere might, sustain a kingdom.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra questions Sañjaya about the details of Bhīṣma’s engagement with the Pāṇḍavas—who supported Bhīṣma and how the fighting proceeded. He laments that after the loss of the principal warrior-commander, his son’s forces have become helpless, likened to a widow without protection.