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Shloka 31

Bhīṣma-nipāta-saṃvāda — Sañjaya’s Report of Bhīṣma’s Fall (भीष्मनिपातसंवादः)

हयान्‌ गजपदातींश्व रथांश्न तरसा बहून्‌ निमज्जयन्तं समरे परवीरापहारिणम्‌,भीष्मजी उस समुद्रमें शत्रुपक्षके हाथियों, घोड़ों, पैदलों तथा बहुसंख्यक रथोंको वेगपूर्वक डुबो रहे थे। वे समरभूमिमें शत्रुवीरोंके प्राणोंका अपहरण करनेवाले थे

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | hayān gajapadātīṁś ca rathāṁś ca tarasā bahūn nimajjayantaṁ samare paravīrāpahāriṇam |

Dhṛtarāṣṭra sprach: „Auf dem Schlachtfeld sehe ich Bhīṣma: mit unwiderstehlicher Schnelligkeit überwältigt und ‚versenkt‘ er gewaltige Scharen feindlicher Pferde, Elefanten, Fußsoldaten und Streitwagen—einer, der im Krieg zum Nehmer der Leben gegnerischer Helden wird.“

हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गजelephants
गज:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पदातीन्foot-soldiers
पदातीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रथान्chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तरसाwith speed/force
तरसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतरस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
बहून्many
बहून्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निमज्जयन्तम्causing to sink; submerging
निमज्जयन्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनिमज्जय् (causative of √मज्ज्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle, causative)
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परवीरof enemy heroes
परवीर:
TypeNoun
Rootपर + वीर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अपहारिणम्snatching away; taking away (life)
अपहारिणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअपहारिन् (from अप + √हृ)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, णिनि (agent-noun/adjectival)

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
Bhīṣma
E
enemy warriors (para-vīra)
H
horses
E
elephants
I
infantry
C
chariots
B
battlefield (samara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical gravity of righteous warfare: a warrior’s excellence (vīrya) operates within kṣatriya-dharma, yet it necessarily entails the taking of life. It invites reflection on duty, consequence, and the tragic cost of conflict.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra is being informed/visualizing the battle and describes Bhīṣma’s ferocity: he is rapidly crushing the enemy’s forces—horses, elephants, infantry, and chariots—like drowning them in a sea of combat, and he is killing opposing heroes.