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Shloka 42

एते चान्ये च बहव: पीडिता भीष्मसायकै: । समुद्धृता: फाल्गुनेन निमग्ना: शोकसागरे

ete cānye ca bahavaḥ pīḍitā bhīṣmasāyakaiḥ | samuddhṛtāḥ phālgunena nimagnāḥ śokasāgare ||

Sañjaya sprach: „Diese und viele andere, von Bhīṣmas Pfeilen gepeinigt, versanken in einem Ozean der Trauer; doch Phālguna (Arjuna) hob sie daraus empor.“ Der Vers deutet Arjunas Eingreifen nicht nur als taktische Rettung, sondern als moralische Wiederherstellung: Mut und Ordnung kehren zurück inmitten der erdrückenden Verzweiflung, die Bhīṣmas überwältigende Kraft hervorruft.

एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बहवःmany
बहवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पीडिताःafflicted, tormented
पीडिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपीडित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भीष्मसायकैःby Bhishma's arrows
भीष्मसायकैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म-सायक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
समुद्धृताःrescued, lifted out
समुद्धृताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-उद्-हृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
फाल्गुनेनby Phalguna (Arjuna)
फाल्गुनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootफाल्गुन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
निमग्नाःsunk, immersed
निमग्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-मग्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शोकसागरेin the ocean of grief
शोकसागरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशोक-सागर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
P
Phālguna (Arjuna)
B
Bhīṣma’s arrows (sāyaka)

Educational Q&A

Even in a righteous war, despair can overwhelm the mind like an ‘ocean of grief’; dharmic leadership is shown by restoring others—protecting allies, reviving morale, and re-establishing order against fear and confusion.

Bhīṣma’s fierce archery is crushing the Pāṇḍava side, leaving many fighters wounded and psychologically overwhelmed; Arjuna (Phālguna) counters effectively and ‘rescues’ them—both by shielding them from Bhīṣma’s attack and by turning the tide so they do not collapse in grief.