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Shloka 30

भीष्मरथाभिमुख्यं — Arjuna’s advance with Śikhaṇḍin; Duḥśāsana’s interception

गजो गजं समासाद्य द्रवमाणं महाहवे । ययौ प्रमृद्य तरसा पादातान्‌ वाजिनस्तथा,उस महायुद्धमें एक हाथी भागते हुए दूसरे हाथीके पास पहुँचकर अपने वेगसे बहुतेरे पैदल सिपाहियों तथा घोड़ोंको कुचलता हुआ उसका अनुसरण करता था

gajo gajaṃ samāsādya dravamāṇaṃ mahāhave | yayau pramṛdya tarasā pādātān vājinastathā ||

Sañjaya sprach: „In jener großen Schlacht erreichte ein Elefant einen anderen, der floh, und setzte ihm mit Wucht nach; und im Schwung seines Ansturms zertrat er viele Fußsoldaten und auch Pferde.“

गजःan elephant
गजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गजम्another elephant
गजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समासाद्यhaving reached/approached
समासाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√सद्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
द्रवमाणम्fleeing/running
द्रवमाणम्:
TypeAdjective
Root√द्रु (द्रव्) + शानच्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Present participle (Ātmanepada), शानच्
महाहवेin the great battle
महाहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाहव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
ययौwent/proceeded
ययौ:
TypeVerb
Root√या
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रमृद्यhaving crushed/trampled
प्रमृद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√मृद्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
तरसाwith speed/force
तरसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतरस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
पादातान्foot-soldiers
पादातान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपादात
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वाजिनःhorses
वाजिनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाजिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तथाalso/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
E
elephant (gaja)
F
foot-soldiers (pādāta)
H
horses (vājin)
G
great battle (mahāhava)

Educational Q&A

The verse is primarily descriptive rather than doctrinal: it highlights the uncontrolled momentum and collateral destruction inherent in large-scale war, where even pursuit between combatants results in the trampling of non-elite troops and animals—an implicit reminder of war’s indiscriminate cost.

Sañjaya depicts a battlefield scene: an elephant closes in on another elephant that is retreating, and in the rush of pursuit it crushes many infantrymen and horses underfoot, emphasizing the tumult and lethal force of elephant warfare.