Shloka 31

ततः शान्तनवो भीष्म: सैन्यं दृष्टवाभिविद्रुतम्‌ । महता शरवर्षेण सौभद्रं पर्यवारयत्‌,तदनन्तर अपनी सेनाको भागती हुई देख शान्तनु-नन्दन भीष्मने बड़ी भारी बाण-वर्षा करके सुभद्राकुमार अभिमन्युको रोक दिया

tataḥ śāntanavo bhīṣmaḥ sainyaṃ dṛṣṭvābhividrutam | mahatā śaravarṣeṇa saubhadraṃ paryavārayat ||

Sañjaya sprach: Da sah Bhīṣma, der Sohn Śāntanus, sein Heer in Unordnung stürmen und fliehen; mit einem gewaltigen Pfeilhagel hielt er Saubhadra (Abhimanyu) auf—bremste den Vorstoß des jungen Kriegers und festigte die Kuru-Linie im Tumult der Schlacht.

ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereafter')
शान्तनवःthe son/descendant of Śantanu (Bhīṣma)
शान्तनवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशान्तनव
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
भीष्मःBhīṣma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा), 'having seen'
अभिविद्रुतम्fleeing / having fled in disorder
अभिविद्रुतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-विद्रुत
Formneuter, accusative, singular; past passive participle (क्त) from √द्रु (with prefixes अभि+वि)
महताby a great (mighty)
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
शरवर्षेणby a rain of arrows
शरवर्षेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर-वर्ष
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
सौभद्रम्the son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)
सौभद्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसौभद्र
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पर्यवारयत्checked/held back/blocked
पर्यवारयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-√वृ (वारयति)
Formimperfect (लङ्), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
Ś
Śāntanu
K
Kuru army (sainyam)
A
Abhimanyu (Saubhadra)
A
arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

In the ethics of kṣatriya-dharma, a commander must restore order when troops falter: Bhīṣma responds to panic not with despair but with disciplined force and tactical restraint, protecting his side by checking a dangerous advance.

Bhīṣma sees the Kuru forces rushing in disorder and counters the immediate threat posed by Abhimanyu by releasing a heavy volley of arrows, thereby halting or containing Abhimanyu and stabilizing the battlefield situation.