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Shloka 22

Traigarta Attempt to Seize the Aśvamedha Horse; Arjuna’s Restraint and Tactical Victory

स हय: पृथिवीं राजन्‌ प्रदक्षिणमवर्तत । ससारोत्तरत: पूर्व तन्निबोध महीपते

sa hayaḥ pṛthivīṃ rājan pradakṣiṇam avartata | sa sāra uttarataḥ pūrva tan nibodha mahīpate ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: „O König, das Opferross begann, die Erde in einem glückverheißenden Rechtsumlauf zu umkreisen. Es zog dahin, zunächst nach Norden, dann nach Osten. Wisse dies, o Herr des Landes.“

सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हयःhorse
हयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रदक्षिणम्clockwise; in circumambulation
प्रदक्षिणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रदक्षिण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अवर्ततturned/roamed; went around
अवर्तत:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
ससारwent; moved; wandered
ससार:
TypeVerb
Rootसृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उत्तरतःfrom the north; northwards
उत्तरतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत्तर
FormDirectional adverb (ablatival form used adverbially)
पूर्वम्to the east; eastwards
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
FormAdverb
तत्that (matter/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निबोधknow; understand; listen
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormImperative (Loṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महीपतेO lord of the earth (king)
महीपते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहीपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
T
the Aśvamedha horse (hayaḥ)
E
earth (pṛthivī)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights auspicious, dharma-aligned royal action: the Aśvamedha horse moves in a ‘pradakṣiṇa’ (rightward) course, signaling that sovereignty and ritual power are to be exercised under sacred order and proper observance, not mere force.

Vaiśampāyana describes the movement of the Aśvamedha horse as it roams the world in an auspicious circuit, proceeding along northern and eastern directions—setting the stage for encounters that test and establish the performing king’s authority.