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Shloka 7

Kāma–Mamatā–Upadeśa

Discourse on Desire, Possessiveness, and Ritual Duty

अथवा वसतः: पार्थ वने वन्येन जीवत: । ममता यस्य द्रव्येषु मृत्योरास्ये स वर्तते,किंतु कुन्तीनन्दन! जो वनमें रहकर जंगली फल-मूलोंसे ही जीवन-निर्वाह करता है, उसकी भी यदि द्रव्योंमें ममता है तो वह मौतके मुखमें ही विद्यमान है

athavā vasataḥ pārtha vane vanyena jīvataḥ | mamatā yasya dravyeṣu mṛtyor āsye sa vartate ||

Oder auch, o Pārtha: selbst wenn ein Mensch im Wald lebt und sich allein von wildem Ertrag nährt, so wohnt er doch schon im Rachen des Todes, wenn er weiterhin mit Besitzgier an den „Dingen“ als „mein“ festhält. Äußere Entsagung rettet nicht; nur innere Nicht-Anhaftung bewahrt vor dem Verderben.

अथवाor else
अथवा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथवा
वसतःof (one) dwelling
वसतः:
TypeVerb
Rootवस् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
पार्थO son of Pritha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वन्येनby/with wild (food)
वन्येन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवन्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
जीवत:of (one) living
जीवत::
TypeVerb
Rootजीव् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
ममताpossessiveness, attachment
ममता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootममता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
द्रव्येषुin possessions/objects
द्रव्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रव्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
मृत्योःof death
मृत्योः:
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आस्येin the mouth
आस्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआस्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्ततेexists, remains
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु)
FormPresent (Lat), Atmanepada, Third, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva (Wind-god)
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
V
vana (forest)
M
mṛtyu (Death)

Educational Q&A

External austerity—such as living in a forest on wild fruits and roots—does not by itself free a person. If possessiveness (mamatā) toward possessions persists, one remains spiritually endangered, described as being ‘in the mouth of Death’. True safety lies in inner non-attachment.

Vāyudeva addresses Arjuna (Pārtha) and warns him through a pointed example: even a forest-dweller living on minimal means can be bound by craving and ownership. The instruction shifts attention from outward lifestyle to inward attitude.