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Shloka 5

Vāsudeva’s Upadeśa: The Inner Enemy and the Indra–Vṛtra Precedent (आत्मशत्रु-बोधः; इन्द्र-वृत्रोपाख्यानम्)

नैव ते निछितं कर्म नैव ते शत्रवो जिता: । कथं शत्रुं शरीरस्थमात्मनो नावबुध्यसे,आपने अपने कर्तव्यकर्मको पूरा नहीं किया। आपने अभीतक शत्रुओंपर विजय भी नहीं पायी। आपका शत्रु तो आपके शरीरके भीतर ही बैठा हुआ है। आप अपने उस शत्रुको क्यों नहीं पहचानते हैं?

naiva te niścitaṃ karma naiva te śatravo jitāḥ | kathaṃ śatruṃ śarīrastham ātmano nāvabudhyase ||

Vāyu sprach: „Du hast die Pflicht, die du dir vorgenommen hast, noch nicht erfüllt, und deine Feinde hast du ebenfalls noch nicht wahrhaft besiegt. Wie kommt es, dass du deinen eigenen Feind nicht erkennst — den, der in deinem eigenen Körper sitzt?“

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तेof you/your
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इषितम्desired/aimed at/intended
इषितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootइषित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कर्मdeed/action
कर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तेof you/your
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जिताःconquered
जिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootजित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कथम्how/why
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
शत्रुम्enemy
शत्रुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शरीरस्थम्situated in the body
शरीरस्थम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशरीर-स्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मनःof oneself/of the self
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवबुध्यसेyou understand/recognize
अवबुध्यसे:
TypeVerb
Rootअव√बुध्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Atmanepada

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva

Educational Q&A

External victories are incomplete without inner conquest. The verse urges recognition and overcoming of the ‘enemy within’—such as desire, anger, delusion, or negligence—that obstructs one’s resolved duty (niścita karma) and true success.

Vāyudeva addresses the listener with a corrective admonition: despite claims or efforts toward duty and victory, the real obstacle remains internal. He redirects attention from outward foes to the inward adversary lodged in one’s own body and mind.