Shloka 20

भीष्मजी कहते हैं--युधिष्ठि!! ऐसा कहकर महर्षि जमदग्निने अपने दिव्य धनुषकी प्रत्यंचा खींची और बहुत-से बाण हाथमें लेकर सूर्यकी ओर मुँह करके वे खड़े हो गये। जिस दिशाकी ओर सूर्य जा रहे थे, उसी ओर उन्होंने भी अपना मुँह कर लिया था ।। अथ त॑ प्रेक्ष्य सन्नद्ध॑ सूर्यो5भ्येत्य तथाब्रवीत्‌ । द्विजरूपेण कौन्तेय कि ते सूर्योडपराध्यते

bhīṣma uvāca—yudhiṣṭhira! iti uktvā maharṣiḥ jamadagniḥ svaṃ divyaṃ dhanuḥ pratyāñcāṃ ākarṣya bahūn bāṇān pāṇau gṛhītvā sūryaṃ prati mukhaṃ kṛtvā tasthau. yasyāṃ diśi sūryo gacchati tasyāṃ diśi sa api mukhaṃ kṛtavān. atha taṃ prekṣya sannaddhaṃ sūryo ’bhyetya tathābravīt—dvijarūpeṇa, kaunteya, kiṃ te sūryo ’parādhyate?

Bhishma sprach: „O Yudhishthira! Nachdem er so geredet hatte, spannte der große Weise Jamadagni die Sehne seines göttlichen Bogens, nahm viele Pfeile in die Hand und stellte sich dem Sonnengott gegenüber. In die Richtung, in der die Sonne ihren Lauf nahm, dorthin wandte auch er sein Antlitz. Als die Sonne ihn bewaffnet und bereit sah, trat sie heran und sprach so: ‚O Sohn der Kuntī — in der Gestalt eines Brahmanen — welches Unrecht hat dir die Sonne getan?‘“

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रेक्ष्यhaving seen
प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ईक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
सन्नद्धःarmed, prepared
सन्नद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-नह्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सूर्यःthe Sun
सूर्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभ्येत्यhaving approached
अभ्येत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-इ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
तथाthus
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अब्रवीत्said
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्विजरूपेणin the form of a brahmin
द्विजरूपेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजरूप
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कौन्तेयO son of Kunti
कौन्तेय:
TypeNoun
Rootकौन्तेय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormDative, Singular
सूर्यःthe Sun
सूर्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपराध्यतेoffends, wrongs
अपराध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootअपराध्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira (Kaunteya)
J
Jamadagni
S
Surya (the Sun)
D
divine bow
B
bowstring (pratyāñcā)
A
arrows

Educational Q&A

Even cosmic powers are approached through the lens of dharma: before conflict, one must clarify the alleged offense and the moral grounds for action. The Sun’s question frames accountability and restraint—force should not be used without just cause.

Jamadagni, after making a declaration, arms himself with a divine bow and arrows and stands facing the Sun’s path. The Sun then approaches and questions him (addressing Yudhishthira as ‘Kaunteya’ in the narration), asking what offense the Sun has committed against him.