Shloka 45
Devanagari script
ब्राह्मणो हानधीयानस्तृणाग्निरिव शाम्यति । तस्मै श्राद्ध न दातव्यं न हि भस्मनि हूयते,जैसे घास-फ़्सकी आग शीघ्र ही शान्त हो जाती है, उसी प्रकार स्वाध्यायहीन ब्राह्मण तेजहीन हो जाता है, अतः उसे श्राद्धका दान नहीं देना चाहिये, क्योंकि राखमें कोई भी हवन नहीं करता
Translation
Bhishma sprach: Ein Brahmane ohne svādhyāya (heiliges Studium und Rezitation) erlischt wie ein Grasfeuer. Darum soll man ihm keine śrāddha-Gabe darbringen; denn niemand vollzieht ein homa auf Asche.
Word by Word
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनधीयानःnot studying (Veda), not engaged in self-study
अनधीयानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअधि-इ (अधीते)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle), Parasmaipada (active)
तृण-अग्निःa grass-fire (fire in dry grass)
तृण-अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतृण + अग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
शाम्यतिbecomes calm, dies down, is extinguished
शाम्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootशम्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular
श्राद्धम्śrāddha (funeral/ancestral rite), śrāddha-offering
श्राद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
दातव्यम्should be given
दातव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, तव्यत् (gerundive), Passive sense
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
भस्मनिin ashes
भस्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभस्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
हूयतेis offered (as oblation), is poured (into fire)
हूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootहु
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes