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Shloka 4

अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता

Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality

श्राद्धे त्वथ महाराज परीक्षेद्‌ ब्राह्मणान्‌ बुध: । कुलशीलवयोरूपैर्विद्ययाभिजनेन च,किंतु महाराज! श्राद्धके समय विद्वान्‌ पुरुष कुल, शील (उत्तम आचरण), अवस्था, रूप, विद्या और पूर्वजोंके निवासस्थान आदिके द्वारा ब्राह्मणकी अवश्य परीक्षा करे

śrāddhe tv atha mahārāja parīkṣed brāhmaṇān budhaḥ | kulaśīlavayorūpair vidyayābhijanena ca ||

Bhīṣma sprach: „Doch zur Zeit der śrāddha, o großer König, soll der Weise die Brāhmanen prüfen—nach Familienlinie, guter Lebensführung, Alter, Erscheinung, Gelehrsamkeit und edler Herkunft. Denn bei Riten für die Ahnen bewahrt die besonnene Wahl würdiger Empfänger die Heiligkeit der Gabe und stützt das Dharma.“

श्राद्धेin the śrāddha (rite)
श्राद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
परीक्षेत्should examine
परीक्षेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरीक्ष्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्राह्मणान्Brahmins
ब्राह्मणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बुधःa wise man
बुधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुलby lineage/family
कुल:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
शीलby conduct/character
शील:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशील
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वयःby age
वयः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवयस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
रूपैःby appearance/form
रूपैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
विद्ययाby learning/knowledge
विद्यया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविद्या
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अभिजनेनby noble birth/ancestry
अभिजनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअभिजन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
Mahārāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
Ś
śrāddha
B
brāhmaṇas

Educational Q&A

In śrāddha (ancestral rites), one should act with discernment: the recipients of offerings should be examined for lineage, conduct, maturity, learning, and respectable background, so that the rite remains dharmic and spiritually efficacious.

Bhīṣma is instructing King Yudhiṣṭhira in Anuśāsana Parva on proper religious conduct. Here he gives practical guidance about performing śrāddha—specifically, how to assess the suitability of brāhmaṇas who are to be honored and fed in the rite.