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Shloka 10

Śrāddha-pravṛtti-kathana and Varjya-dravya-nirdeśa

Origin and Prohibitions in Śrāddha

आपो मूलं फलं॑ मांसमन्नं वापि पितृक्षये । यत्‌ किंचिन्मधुसम्मिश्र॑ तदानन्त्याय कल्पते,'पितरोंकी क्षय-तिथिको जल, मूल, फल, उसका गूदा और अन्न आदि जो कुछ भी मधुमिश्रित करके दिया जाता है, वह उन्हें अनन्तकालतक तृप्ति देनेवाला है”

āpo mūlaṁ phalaṁ māṁsam annaṁ vāpi pitṛkṣaye | yat kiñcin madhusammiśraṁ tad ānantyāya kalpate ||

Bhīṣma erklärt, dass beim Ahnenritus zur Gedenkzeit der Pitṛs (pitṛkṣaya) jede Gabe—Wasser, Wurzeln, Früchte, Fleisch oder gekochte Speise—wenn sie mit Honig vermischt wird, zu einer Spende wird, die den Ahnen dauerhafte Sättigung gewährt. Der ethische Akzent liegt auf aufrichtigen, richtig bereiteten Opfergaben, die die Linie ehren und das Dharma durch Dankbarkeit und Erinnerung wahren.

आपःwaters (water as offering)
आपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअप्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
मूलम्root
मूलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमूल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
फलम्fruit
फलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मांसम्meat/flesh
मांसम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमांस
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अन्नम्food, cooked rice
अन्नम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पितृक्षयेat the pitṛ-kṣaya (ancestral śrāddha/obsequial occasion)
पितृक्षये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृक्षय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
किञ्चित्anything (some)
किञ्चित्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
मधुसम्मिश्रम्mixed with honey
मधुसम्मिश्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमधु-सम्मिश्र
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आनन्त्यायfor endlessness/for infinite (lasting) result
आनन्त्याय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootआनन्त्य
FormNeuter, Dative, Singular
कल्पतेis fit/serves; becomes (conducive)
कल्पते:
TypeVerb
Rootकॢप्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
W
water
R
roots
F
fruits
M
meat
F
food (anna)
H
honey (madhu)

Educational Q&A

Offerings made for the ancestors, especially when prepared with care (here, mixed with honey), are said to yield long-lasting benefit; the verse underscores dharma as gratitude and responsible remembrance of one’s lineage through proper rites.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs on duties and merits of rites; here he specifies that various foods and even water, when offered at pitṛkṣaya with honey, are considered especially efficacious for satisfying the Pitṛs.