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Shloka 23

Go-dāna-phala-nirdeśa

Merit and Destinations from the Gift of Cows

यज्ञशूरा दमे शूरा: सत्यशूरास्तथापरे । युद्धशूरास्तथैवोक्ता दानशूराश्ष मानवा:,(बुद्धिशूरास्तथा चान्ये क्षमाशूरास्तथा परे ।) कुछ लोग यज्ञशूर हैं। कुछ इन्द्रियसंयममें शूर होनेके कारण दमशूर कहलाते हैं। इसी प्रकार कितने ही मानव सत्यशूर, युद्धशूर, दानशूर, बुद्धिशूर तथा क्षमाशूर कहे गये हैं

bhīṣma uvāca | yajñaśūrā dame śūrāḥ satyaśūrās tathāpare | yuddhaśūrās tathaivoktā dānaśūrāś ca mānavāḥ | (buddhiśūrās tathā cānye kṣamāśūrās tathā pare) |

Bhīṣma sprach: „Unter den Menschen sind manche Helden im Opfer (yajña); manche heißen Helden der Selbstzucht, weil sie tapfer die Sinne zügeln. Ebenso werden andere als Helden der Wahrhaftigkeit, Helden der Schlacht und Helden der Freigebigkeit bezeichnet; und wieder andere als Helden der Weisheit und Helden der Nachsicht.“

यज्ञशूराःheroes in sacrifice
यज्ञशूराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयज्ञशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दमेin self-control
दमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शूराःbrave/heroic (men)
शूराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सत्यशूराःheroes in truthfulness
सत्यशूराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अपरेothers
अपरे:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युद्धशूराःheroes in battle
युद्धशूराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुद्धशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उक्ताःare said/called
उक्ताः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Past passive participle (क्त)
दानशूराःheroes in giving/charity
दानशूराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदानशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मानवाःmen/humans
मानवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बुद्धिशूराःheroes in intellect
बुद्धिशूराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबुद्धिशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षमाशूराःheroes in forbearance
क्षमाशूराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षमाशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
परेothers
परे:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Heroism is not limited to warfare; Bhīṣma broadens ‘śaurya’ to include moral and spiritual courage—steadfastness in sacrifice, self-restraint, truth, generosity, wisdom, and forgiveness—presenting these as equally worthy forms of excellence within dharma.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma is teaching about dharma and virtues. Here he classifies different kinds of ‘heroes’ among humans, emphasizing that society recognizes multiple domains of greatness beyond the battlefield.