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Shloka 12

गवां लोकवर्णनं तथा गोप्रदानफलश्रुतिः

Description of the ‘World of Cows’ and the Stated Fruits of Cow-Gift

घासमुष्टिं परगवे दद्यात्‌ संवत्सरं तु यः । अकृत्वा स्वयमाहारं व्रतं तत्‌ सार्वकामिकम्‌,जो एक वर्षतक प्रतिदिन स्वयं भोजनके पहले दूसरेकी गायको एक मुट्ठी घास खिलाता है, उसका वह व्रत समस्त कामनाओंको पूर्ण करनेवाला होता है

ghāsamuṣṭiṁ paragave dadyāt saṁvatsaraṁ tu yaḥ | akṛtvā svayam āhāraṁ vrataṁ tat sārvakāmikam ||

Bhishma sprach: „Wer ein volles Jahr lang jeden Tag einer fremden Kuh eine Handvoll Gras gibt — und dies tut, bevor er selbst Nahrung zu sich nimmt — der hält ein Gelübde, von dem gesagt wird, es erfülle alle rechtmäßigen Wünsche.“

घासमुष्टिम्a handful of grass
घासमुष्टिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootघासमुष्टि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
परगवेto another's cow
परगवे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपरगव
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
संवत्सरम्for a year
संवत्सरम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुindeed/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अकृत्वाwithout doing / not having done
अकृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), अ- (nañ)
स्वयम्oneself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
आहारम्food/intake
आहारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआहार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
व्रतम्vow/observance
व्रतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सार्वकामिकम्fulfilling all desires
सार्वकामिकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसार्वकामिक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
C
cow (go)
G
grass (ghāsa)

Educational Q&A

Prioritize compassionate giving and self-discipline: before satisfying one’s own hunger, one should first serve and sustain a dependent being (here, a cow), even with a small daily gift. Consistency over time turns a modest act into a powerful ethical vow.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma, he recommends a specific year-long observance: each day, before eating, one should feed a handful of grass to someone else’s cow. He declares this vow to be sārvakāmika—capable of fulfilling all (proper) aims.