Adhyāya 60: Dāna vs. Yajña—Royal Giving, Protection, and Karmic Share
“राजन! जो द्विज नित्य स्नान करके दोनों समय संध्योपासना और गायत्री-जप करता है वह चतुर होता है। मरुकी साधना-जलका परित्याग करनेवाले तथा निराहार रहनेवालेको स्वर्गलोककी प्राप्ति होती है ।।
vaiśampāyana uvāca | rājann yo dvijo nityaṃ snānaṃ kṛtvā ubhayataḥ-sandhyopāsanāṃ ca gāyatrī-japaṃ ca karoti sa caturaḥ bhavati | marukī-sādhana-jala-parityāginaḥ tathā nirāhārāṇāṃ svargaloka-prāptiḥ bhavati || sthaṇḍile śayamānānāṃ gṛhāṇi śayanāni ca | cīra-valkala-vāsobhiḥ vasāṃsi ābharaṇāni ca ||
Vaiśampāyana sprach: „O König, der Zweimalgeborene, der täglich badet und zu beiden Zeiten die Dämmerungsverehrung vollzieht, zusammen mit der Rezitation der Gāyatrī, wird urteilsstark und weise. Diejenigen, die in der Askese auf die Nutzung von Wasser zum leiblichen Komfort verzichten, und diejenigen, die ohne Nahrung leben, gelangen in die Himmelswelt. Wer auf bloßer Erde schläft, erlangt Häuser und Betten; und wer Rinde und Lumpen trägt, gewinnt vortreffliche Gewänder und Schmuck.“
वैशम्पायन उवाच
The verse teaches that disciplined daily Vedic practice (bathing, sandhyā worship, and Gāyatrī recitation) cultivates discernment, and that austerities such as fasting and sleeping on the ground generate spiritual merit that ripens into corresponding rewards—heavenly attainment and symbolic ‘returns’ like houses, beds, fine garments, and ornaments.
Vaiśampāyana continues instructing the king within the Anuśāsana Parva’s didactic discourse, listing specific observances and austerities and describing their karmic fruits, emphasizing the Mahābhārata’s ethic of dharma through regulated conduct and tapas.