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Shloka 12

Śakra–Śambara Saṃvāda: Brāhmaṇa-sevā, Anasūyā, and Vāg-bala (शक्रशम्बरसंवादः)

कृषिगोरक्ष्यमप्येके भैक्ष्यमन्ये5प्यनुछ्िता: । चौराश्नान्येडनृताश्चान्ये तथान्ये नटनर्तका:,कोई-कोई ब्राह्मण खेती और गोरक्षासे जीवन चलाते हैं, कोई भिक्षापर जीवन-निर्वाह करते हैं, कितने ही चोरी करते हैं, कोई झूठ बोलते हैं और दूसरे कितने ही नटोंका तथा नाचनेका कार्य करते हैं

bhīṣma uvāca | kṛṣigorakṣyam apy eke bhaikṣyam anye 'py anuṣṭhitāḥ | caurāś cānye 'nṛtāś cānye tathānye naṭanartakāḥ ||

Bhīṣma sprach: „Einige (selbst unter denen, die nach höheren Regeln leben sollten) erhalten sich durch Ackerbau und Viehhaltung; andere leben von Almosen. Manche wenden sich dem Diebstahl zu, andere der Lüge, und wieder andere verdienen ihren Lebensunterhalt als Schauspieler und Tänzer. Dies zeigt den sichtbaren Verfall und die Verwirrung des rechten Broterwerbs: wie man die vorgeschriebenen Pflichten verlässt und fragwürdige Mittel zum Überleben ergreift.“

कृषिagriculture
कृषि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृषि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गोरक्ष्यम्cow-protection/cattle-tending
गोरक्ष्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगोरक्ष्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
एकेsome (people)
एके:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भैक्ष्यम्living by alms/begging
भैक्ष्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभैक्ष्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अनुच्छिष्टाःnot remaining (without livelihood)/not left out (i.e., engaged in that means)
अनुच्छिष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुच्छिष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चौराश्नानिtheft-eating (living by stealing)
चौराश्नानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचौराश्न
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
येwho/which (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अनृताःuntruthful/liars
अनृताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नटactors/performers
नट:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नर्तकाःdancers
नर्तकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर्तक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brahmins (implied by context of livelihood and dharma)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma highlights how people abandon prescribed, dharmic livelihoods and take up mixed or unethical means (alms, theft, lying, performance work), illustrating social and moral disorder and prompting reflection on right conduct and right livelihood.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma, he lists the various ways people sustain themselves—some acceptable, some blameworthy—to show the diversity and degeneration of conduct in society and to frame a discussion on proper duties and ethical living.