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Shloka 4

ब्राह्मणपूजा-राजधर्मः | Royal Duty of Honoring Learned Brahmins

स केन कर्मणा प्राप्तो ब्राह्म॒ण्यं राजसत्तम: । वरेण तपसा वापि तन्‍्मे व्याख्यातुमरहसि,वे नृपशिरोमणि वीतहव्य किस कर्मसे, किस वर अथवा तपस्यासे ब्राह्मणत्वको प्राप्त हुए? यह मुझे विस्तारपूर्वक बतानेकी कृपा करें

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: sa kena karmaṇā prāpto brāhmaṇyaṁ rājasattama? vareṇa tapasā vāpi tan me vyākhyātum arhasi, he nṛpaśiromaṇe.

Yudhiṣṭhira sprach: „O Bester unter den Königen, durch welche Tat hast du den Stand eines Brahmanen erlangt? Wurde er dir durch einen Segen zuteil, oder durch Askese? O Kronjuwel der Herrscher, erkläre mir dies bitte ausführlich.“

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
केनby what
केन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मणाby (what) deed/action
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्राप्तःobtained/attained
प्राप्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मण्यंbrahminhood, status of a Brahmin
ब्राह्मण्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजसत्तमःbest of kings
राजसत्तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजसत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वरेणby a boon
वरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तपसाby austerity/penance
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेto me/for me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative/Genitive, Singular
व्याख्यातुम्to explain
व्याख्यातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-आ-ख्या
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्)
अर्हसिyou are able/ought (to)
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent indicative (लट्), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic inquiry into the basis of spiritual and social status: whether Brahminhood is achieved by meritorious action, by divine boon, or by austerity—implying that inner qualification and the means of attainment matter, not mere birth or title.

Yudhiṣṭhira respectfully questions a foremost king about how he came to possess Brahminhood, asking for a detailed account of the cause—deed, boon, or ascetic practice—setting up an explanatory story or teaching that follows.