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Shloka 20

अहिंसयित्वा ब्रह्महत्याविधानम् / Brahmahatyā incurred without physical violence

ये तु धर्म प्रशंसन्तश्नरन्ति पृथिवीमिमाम्‌ | अनाचरन्तस्तद्‌ धर्म संकरेडभिरता: प्रभो

bhīṣma uvāca | ye tu dharmaṁ praśaṁsantaś caranti pṛthivīm imām | anācarantas tad dharmaṁ saṅkareḍbhir atāḥ prabho ||

Bhishma sprach: „O Herr, wer über diese Erde umherzieht und den Dharma preist, ihn aber selbst nicht übt, ist ein Heuchler; er ist darauf versessen, im Namen der Rechtschaffenheit Verwirrung und Verderbnis zu stiften.“

येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रशंसन्तःpraising
प्रशंसन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-शंस्
FormPresent active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
चरन्तिthey move about / roam
चरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अनाचरन्तःnot practicing / not observing
अनाचरन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअन्-आ-चर्
FormPresent active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सङ्करेin confusion/mixture (of dharma)
सङ्करे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसङ्कर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अभिरताःengaged/attached/delighting
अभिरताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-रम्
FormPast passive participle used adjectivally, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
E
Earth (Pṛthivī)

Educational Q&A

True dharma is validated by conduct, not by public praise. Those who advertise righteousness while refusing to live by it are condemned as hypocrites who damage moral order.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma, he warns the listener that mere preaching or reputation is insufficient; he criticizes people who wander about lauding dharma while undermining it through their own behavior.