Shloka 58
ऋतु: सुदर्शन: काल: परमेष्ठी परिग्रह: । उग्र: संवत्सरो दक्षो विश्रामो विश्वदक्षिण:,४१६ ऋतुः-ऋतुस्वरूप, ४१७ सुदर्शन:-भक्तोंको सुगमतासे ही दर्शन दे देनेवाले, ४१८ काल:-सबकी गणना करनेवाले, ४१९ परमेष्ठी-अपनी प्रकृष्ट महिमामें स्थित रहनेके स्वभाववाले, ४२० परिग्रह:-शरणार्थियोंके द्वारा सब ओरसे ग्रहण किये जानेवाले, ४२१३ उग्र:-सूर्यादिके भी भयके कारण, ४२२ संवत्सर:-सम्पूर्ण भूतोंके वासस्थान, ४२३ दक्ष:- सब कार्योंको बड़ी कुशलतासे करनेवाले, ४२४ विश्राम:-विश्रामकी इच्छावाले मुमुक्षुओंको मोक्ष देनेवाले, ४२५ विश्वदक्षिण:-बलिके यज्ञमें समस्त विश्वको दक्षिणारूपमें प्राप्त करनेवाले
ṛtuḥ sudarśanaḥ kālaḥ parameṣṭhī parigrahaḥ | ugraḥ saṃvatsaro dakṣo viśrāmo viśvadakṣiṇaḥ ||
Bhīṣma said: He is the very form of the seasons; He is Sudarśana, easily granting His vision to devotees; He is Time, the measurer and reckoner of all. He is Parameṣṭhī, abiding in His supreme majesty; He is Parigraha, the One whom seekers take refuge in from every side. He is Ugra, awe-inspiring even to the gods; He is Saṃvatsara, the Year that becomes the dwelling-place and support of all beings. He is Dakṣa, supremely skillful in accomplishing every work; He is Viśrāma, granting final rest—liberation—to those who long for release; and He is Viśvadakṣiṇa, to whom the whole world itself is offered as sacrificial fee.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse presents the Divine as both immanent and transcendent: the regulator of cosmic rhythms (seasons, year, time), the refuge of devotees, the awe-inspiring power behind even the gods, and the giver of liberation. Ethically, it frames dharma as aligning oneself with this cosmic order through devotion, sacrifice, and the pursuit of final release.
In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and extols the Supreme through a litany of names (a sahasranāma-style praise). This verse is a segment of that praise, enumerating epithets that describe the Lord’s cosmic functions and salvific role.