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Shloka 52

Pratyakṣa–Āgama–Ācāra: Doubt, Proof, and the Practice of Dharma (प्रत्यक्ष–आगम–आचारविचारः)

आत्मानमुपजीवन्‌ यो दीक्षां द्वादशवार्षिकीम्‌ । ह॒त्वाग्नौ देहमुत्सूज्य वह्विलोके महीयते,जो बारह वर्षोके लिये व्रत-पालनकी दीक्षा ले अपने ही सहारे जीवन-यापन करता हुआ अपने शरीरको अग्निमें होम देता है, वह अग्निलोकमें प्रतिष्ठित होता है

ātmānam upajīvan yo dīkṣāṃ dvādaśavārṣikīm | hatvāgnau deham utsṛjya vahniloke mahīyate ||

Maheśvara sprach: „Wer aus eigener Kraft lebt, das geweihte Gelübde zwölf Jahre lang auf sich nimmt und dann, nachdem er seinen Leib dem Feuer als Opfer dargebracht hat, ihn hingibt, der wird geehrt und erlangt Hoheit in der Welt Agnis, des Feuergottes.“

आत्मानम्oneself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपजीवन्living (subsisting)
उपजीवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-जीव्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दीक्षाम्vow/initiatory observance
दीक्षाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदीक्षा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
द्वादशवार्षिकीम्of twelve years (duration)
द्वादशवार्षिकीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादश-वार्षिक
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
हत्वाhaving sacrificed/consigned (after killing; here: having offered up)
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage)
अग्नौin the fire
अग्नौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
देहम्body
देहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्सृज्यhaving abandoned/given up
उत्सृज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-सृज्
Formल्यप् (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage)
वह्निलोकेin the world of Agni (fire-world)
वह्निलोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवह्नि-लोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
महीयतेis honored/glorified
महीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootमह्
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive/Reflexive (is honored)

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī-Maheśvara
A
Agni (Vahni)
V
Vahniloka (realm of Agni)
S
sacrificial fire (agni)

Educational Q&A

The verse extols rigorous vow-observance (dīkṣā) sustained through self-reliance and culminating in a total sacrificial offering of oneself; such extreme tapas is said to yield exalted posthumous attainment in Agni’s realm, emphasizing the Mahābhārata theme that disciplined austerity and ritual resolve bear powerful spiritual फल (results).

Maheśvara describes a specific ascetic trajectory: a person undertakes a twelve-year consecrated observance while sustaining life independently, and at its completion relinquishes the body by consigning it to fire; the stated outcome is honor and elevation in Vahniloka, the world of the Fire-god.