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Shloka 4

अध्याय १२८: शिव–उमा संवादः — तिलोत्तमा, श्मशान-मेध्यता, तथा चातुर्वर्ण्य-धर्मः

Chapter 128: Śiva–Umā Dialogue—Tilottamā, the Ritual Valence of the Śmaśāna, and the Fourfold Duty-Code

अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्‌ । गृहीत्वा रक्षसा मुक्तो द्विजाति: कानने यथा,इस विषयमें एक प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया जाता है, जिसके अनुसार कोई ब्राह्मण किसी जंगलमें किसी राक्षसके चंगुलमें फँसकर भी सामनीतिके द्वारा उससे मुक्त हो गया था

atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam | gṛhītvā rakṣasā mukto dvijātiḥ kānane yathā ||

Auch hierzu wird ein altes Beispiel angeführt: Wie ein Dvija, den ein Rākṣasa im Wald gepackt hatte, dennoch freigelassen und gerettet wurde—durch kluge, beschwichtigende Staatskunst und nicht durch Gewalt.

अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उदाहरन्तिthey cite/relate (as an example)
उदाहरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ
FormLat (present indicative), 3, plural, Parasmaipada
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
इतिहासम्story/legend
इतिहासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइतिहास
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पुरातनम्ancient/old
पुरातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरातन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
गृहीत्वाhaving seized/taken
गृहीत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active (parasmai sense)
रक्षसाby a demon (rakshasa)
रक्षसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षस्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
मुक्तःfreed/released
मुक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
द्विजातिःa twice-born (brahmin etc.)
द्विजातिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
काननेin the forest
कानने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकानन
Formneuter, locative, singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
dvijāti (a twice-born man, implied Brāhmaṇa)
R
rākṣasa
K
kānana (forest)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma introduces an old precedent to show that even in danger one may secure safety through nīti—prudent, conciliatory strategy and wise conduct—rather than relying only on violence.

Bhīṣma begins an illustrative story: a rākṣasa captures a twice-born man in a forest, yet the captive is ultimately freed; the verse signals that this will serve as a moral example for the topic under discussion.