Shloka 85
Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption
Devanagari script
देवकार्यमकृत्वा तु पितृकार्यमथापि वा । अनिर्वाप्य समश्नन् वै मृतो जायति वायस:,जो देवकार्य अथवा पितृकार्य न करके बलि-वैश्वदेव किये बिना ही अन्न ग्रहण करता है, वह मरनेके बाद कौएकी योनिमें जन्म लेता है
Transliteration
devakāryam akṛtvā tu pitṛkāryam athāpi vā | anirvāpyā samaśnan vai mṛto jāyati vāyasaḥ ||
Translation
Yudhiṣṭhira sprach: „Wenn jemand Speise zu sich nimmt, ohne zuvor die Pflichten gegenüber den Göttern oder den Ahnen zu erfüllen—ohne die gebührenden Opfergaben darzubringen (wie bali und vaiśvadeva)—dann wird er nach dem Tod im Schoß einer Krähe geboren.“
Word by Word
देवकार्यम्duty/rite for the gods
देवकार्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेवकार्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अकृत्वाhaving not done
अकृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पितृकार्यम्duty/rite for the ancestors
पितृकार्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृकार्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अथor/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अनिर्वाप्यwithout offering (oblations)/without making the bali-offering
अनिर्वाप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनिर्वा/निर्वप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), अनिः- (negative prefix), Non-finite
समश्नन्eating/partaking (food)
समश्नन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
मृतःdead (having died)
मृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जायतिis born
जायति:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
वायसःa crow
वायसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
युधिछिर उवाच
Characters & Entities
Y
YudhiṣṭhiraD
devas (gods)P
pitṛs (ancestors)V
vāyasa (crow)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes