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Shloka 15

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

तस्माद्‌ धर्म: सहायश्न सेवितव्य: सदा नृभि: । वे कुटुम्बीजन तो उसके शरीरका परित्याग करके चले जाते हैं, किंतु एकमात्र धर्म ही उस जीवात्माका अनुसरण करता है; इसलिये धर्म ही सच्चा सहायक है। अतः मनुष्योंको सदा धर्मका ही सेवन करना चाहिये ।।

tasmād dharmaḥ sahāyaś ca sevitavyaḥ sadā nṛbhiḥ | prāṇī dharmasamāyukto gacchet svargagatiṁ parām ||

Darum soll der Mensch stets Dharma allein pflegen; denn Dharma ist der wahre Gefährte und Helfer. Verwandte und Hausgenossen lassen den Leib zurück und gehen fort, doch Dharma allein folgt dem Selbst; daher soll man Dharma unablässig üben. Ein Lebewesen, mit Dharma vereint, erlangt den höchsten Weg zum Himmel.

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
धर्मःdharma, righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहायःhelper, companion
सहायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सेवितव्यःshould be practiced/served
सेवितव्यः:
TypeVerb
Rootसेव्
FormGerundive (तव्यत्), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, obligative/passive sense
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
नृभिःby men / by humans
नृभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्राणीa living being
प्राणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मसमायुक्तःendowed/connected with dharma
धर्मसमायुक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म-समायुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past participle (क्त) used adjectivally
गच्छेत्may go / should go
गच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormVidhi-linga (optative), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्वर्गगतिम्the path/attainment of heaven
स्वर्गगतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग-गति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पराम्supreme, highest
पराम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Dharma
S
Svarga

Educational Q&A

Dharma is the only reliable companion of a person: family and social ties end with the body, but one’s righteous conduct accompanies the self and shapes one’s destiny; therefore Dharma should be practiced continually.

Yudhiṣṭhira is speaking in a didactic context, drawing an ethical conclusion about human life and death: worldly relations fall away at death, while Dharma alone ‘follows’ the individual, leading the righteous toward the highest heavenly course.