Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 48

आचारप्रशंसा

Praise of Ācāra as the Basis of Longevity, Fame, and Prosperity

(दारसंग्रहणात्‌ पूर्व नाचरेन्मैथुनं बुध: । अन्यथा त्ववकीर्ण: स्यात्‌ प्रायश्षित्तं समाचरेत्‌ ।।

bhīṣma uvāca |

dārasaṅgrahaṇāt pūrvaṁ nācaren maithunaṁ budhaḥ |

anyathā tv avakīrṇaḥ syāt prāyaścittaṁ samācaret ||

na udīkṣeta paradārānś ca rahasya ekāsano bhavet |

indriyāṇi sadā yacchet svapne śuddhamanā bhavet ||

udakśirā na svapeta tathā pratyakśirā na ca |

prākśirās tu svaped vidvān athavā dakṣiṇāśirāḥ ||

Bhishma sprach: „Bevor er eine Frau nimmt, soll ein weiser Mann keinen Geschlechtsverkehr haben. Andernfalls wird er zu einem, der ‘vergossen’ hat (das Gelübde der Enthaltsamkeit gebrochen), und er soll die gebührende Sühne vollziehen. Er soll nicht einmal die Frau eines anderen ansehen, noch in der Abgeschiedenheit mit ihr auf demselben Sitz Platz nehmen. Stets soll er die Sinne zügeln und den Geist rein halten, selbst im Traum. Er soll nicht mit dem Kopf nach Norden schlafen, noch nach Westen; ein Gelehrter soll mit dem Kopf nach Osten oder nach Süden schlafen.“

दारसंग्रहणात्from (the act of) taking a wife / marriage
दारसंग्रहणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदारसंग्रहण
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
पूर्वम्before
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आचरेत्should practice/perform
आचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआचर्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
मैथुनम्sexual intercourse
मैथुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमैथुन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बुधःa wise man
बुधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अवकीर्णःone who has fallen (from brahmacarya); defiled
अवकीर्णः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवकीर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रायश्चित्तम्expiation/penance
प्रायश्चित्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रायश्चित्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समाचरेत्should duly perform
समाचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आचर्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उदीक्षेत्should look at
उदीक्षेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + ईक्ष्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
परदारान्others' wives
परदारान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरदार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रहसिin private/secretly
रहसि:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootरहस्
एकासनःsitting on the same seat (with her)
एकासनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएकासन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भवेत्should be/become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
इन्द्रियाणिthe senses
इन्द्रियाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
यच्छेत्should restrain
यच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootयम्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्वप्नेin sleep/dream
स्वप्ने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वप्न
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शुद्धमनाpure-minded
शुद्धमना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुद्धमनस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
उदक्-शिराःwith head towards the north
उदक्-शिराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउदक्शिरस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्वपेत्should sleep
स्वपेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाthus/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
प्रत्यक्-शिराःwith head towards the west
प्रत्यक्-शिराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रत्यक्शिरस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्राक्-शिराःwith head towards the east
प्राक्-शिराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राक्शिरस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
स्वपेत्should sleep
स्वपेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
विद्वान्a learned man
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथवाor
अथवा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथवा
दक्षिणा-शिराःwith head towards the south
दक्षिणा-शिराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिणशिरस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma lays down a discipline of continence and sensory restraint before marriage, strict avoidance of another man’s wife in gaze and private proximity, purity of mind even in dreams, and a traditional rule about sleeping orientation (east or south) as part of regulated dharmic living.

Within Bhishma’s extended instruction on dharma in the Anushasana Parva, he gives prescriptive rules for personal conduct—especially sexual restraint and social boundaries—framing violations as ritual-ethical faults requiring prāyaścitta (expiation).