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Shloka 4

Śāṃtanu’s Ideal Rule; Devavrata’s Return; The Satyavatī Marriage Condition and Bhīṣma’s Vow (आदि पर्व, अध्याय ९४)

ययातिरु्वाच न भिथ्याहं विक्रयं वै स्मरामि वृथा गृहीतं शिशुकाच्छडकमान: । कुर्या न चैवाकृतपूर्वमन्यै- विधित्समान: किमु तत्र साधु,ययातिने कहा--मैंने इस प्रकार कभी झूठ-मूठकी खरीद-बिक्री की हो अथवा छलपूर्वक व्यर्थ कोई वस्तु ली हो, इसका मुझे स्मरण नहीं है। मैं कालचक्रसे शंकित रहता हूँ। जिसे पूर्ववर्ती अन्य महापुरुषोंने नहीं किया वह कार्य मैं भी नहीं कर सकता हूँ; क्योंकि मैं सत्कर्म करना चाहता हूँ

yayātir uvāca | na mithyāhaṃ vikrayaṃ vai smarāmi vṛthā gṛhītaṃ śiśukāc chadakamānaḥ | kuryā na caivākṛtapūrvam anyair vidhitsamānaḥ kim u tatra sādhu ||

Yayāti sprach: „Ich erinnere mich nicht, je einen derart trügerischen Kauf und Verkauf betrieben zu haben, noch erinnere ich mich, durch List etwas umsonst genommen zu haben — nicht einmal von einem Kind. Auch würde ich keine Tat unternehmen, die die großen Männer früherer Zeiten nicht getan haben. Denn ich suche nach dem Rechten, nach Dharma zu handeln — welches Gute sollte in einem solchen Tun liegen?“

ययातिःYayati
ययातिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootययाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भिथ्यfalsely, untruly
भिथ्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभिथ्य
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विक्रयम्sale, selling
विक्रयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविक्रय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
स्मरामिI remember
स्मरामि:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
FormPresent, First, Singular
वृथाin vain, wrongly
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
गृहीतम्taken, seized
गृहीतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
शिशुकात्from a child
शिशुकात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशिशुक
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
छडकमानःdeceiving/cheating (reading uncertain)
छडकमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootछड्क्/छड् (uncertain)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
कुर्याम्I should do
कुर्याम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative, First, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अकृतपूर्वम्not done before, unprecedented
अकृतपूर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअकृतपूर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्यैःby others
अन्यैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
विधित्समानःwishing to do/ordain
विधित्समानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootधा (वि+धा) / विधित्स् (desiderative stem)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ) of desiderative, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
indeed (enclitic)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्रthere, in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
साधुgood, proper
साधु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाधु

प्रतर्दन उवाच

Y
Yayāti

Educational Q&A

The verse upholds ethical integrity: one should avoid deceit in transactions, never take what is not rightfully given (even from the vulnerable), and refrain from questionable innovations that lack the sanction of established righteous precedent.

Yayāti speaks in self-defense and moral reflection, asserting that he has not practiced fraudulent trade or deceitful taking, and that he will not pursue an unprecedented act if it cannot be justified as truly ‘sādhu’ (good/right) within dharma.