Shloka 18
ययाति–शक्रसंवादः
Speech-Ethics and Forbearance in the Celestial Court
Devanagari script
ययातिरुवाच राजा प्रमाणं भूतानां स नश्येत मृषा वदन् | अर्थकृच्छुमपि प्राप्य न मिथ्या कर्तुमुत्सहे,ययाति बोले--देवि! सब प्राणियोंके लिये राजा ही प्रमाण है। वह यदि झूठ बोलने लगे तो उसका नाश हो जाता है। अत: अर्थ-संकटमें पड़नेपर भी मैं झूठा काम नहीं कर सकता
Translation
Yayāti sprach: „O Göttin, für alle Wesen ist der König Maßstab und Richtschnur. Wenn der König zu lügen beginnt, geht er zugrunde. Darum vermag ich selbst in drückender Geldnot keine Tat der Unwahrheit zu begehen.“
Word by Word
ययातिःYayati
ययातिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootययाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रमाणम्authority/standard
प्रमाणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भूतानाम्of beings/creatures
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नश्येत्would perish
नश्येत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनश्
FormOptative, Third, Singular
मृषाfalsely
मृषा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमृषा
वदन्speaking
वदन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्थकृच्छुम्financial distress
अर्थकृच्छुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थकृच्छ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
प्राप्यhaving obtained/reached
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
मिथ्याfalsely/wrongly
मिथ्या:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथ्या
कर्तुम्to do
कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
उत्सहेI am able/dare
उत्सहे:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सह्
FormPresent, First, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes