Shloka 21

Śakuntalā-Janma-Nāmakaraṇa (Birth and Naming of Śakuntalā) | शकुन्तला-जन्म-नामकरणम्

Devanagari script

धरस्य पुत्रो द्रविणो हुतहव्यवहस्तथा । ध्रुवस्य पुत्रो भगवान्‌ कालो लोकप्रकालन:,धरके दो पुत्र हुए--द्रविण तथा हुतहव्यवह। सब लोकोंको अपना ग्रास बनानेवाले भगवान्‌ काल ध्रुवके पुत्र हैं

Transliteration

dharasya putro draviṇo hutahavyavahas tathā | dhruvasya putro bhagavān kālo lokaprakālanaḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana sprach: Aus Dhara wurden zwei Söhne geboren — Draviṇa und Hutahavyavaha. Und aus Dhruva wurde der göttliche Kāla (die Zeit) geboren, jene Macht, die alle Welten zur Reife bringt und schließlich verzehrt.

Word by Word

धरस्यof Dhara

पुत्रःson

द्रविणःDraviṇa (name)

हुतहव्यवहःHutahavyavaha (fire; lit. carrier of offered oblations)

तथाand/also

ध्रुवस्यof Dhruva

पुत्रःson

भगवान्the blessed/lordly

कालःTime (Kāla)

लोकप्रकालनःone who makes the worlds his prey/consumes the worlds

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

Dhara

Draviṇa

Hutahavyavaha

Dhruva

Kāla (Time)

Loka (worlds)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a cosmic order expressed through lineage: beings arise from specific progenitors, yet Kāla (Time) is portrayed as the overarching force that ultimately consumes all worlds, reminding readers of impermanence and the limits of power and possession.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana continues a genealogical/cosmogonic listing, naming Dhara’s sons (Draviṇa and Hutahavyavaha) and stating that Dhruva’s son is Kāla, characterized as the consumer of all worlds.