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Shloka 13

Śakuntalā-Janma-Nāmakaraṇa (Birth and Naming of Śakuntalā) | शकुन्तला-जन्म-नामकरणम्

ददौ स दश धर्माय सप्तविंशतिमिन्दवे । दिव्येन विधिना राजन्‌ कश्यपाय त्रयोदश,राजन! दक्षने दस कन्याएँ धर्मको, सत्ताईस कन्याएँ चन्द्रमाको और तेरह कन्याएँ महर्षि कश्यपको दिव्य विधिके अनुसार समर्पित कर दीं

dadau sa daśa dharmāya saptaviṁśatim indave | divyena vidhinā rājan kaśyapāya trayodaśa ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: O König, er gab zehn Töchter dem Dharma, siebenundzwanzig dem Soma, dem Mond, und dreizehn dem Weisen Kaśyapa, und übergab sie ordnungsgemäß nach dem heiligen, göttlich sanktionierten Ritus.

ददौgave
ददौ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/परफेक्ट), 3, singular, परस्मैपद
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
दशten
दश:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदशन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formfeminine, accusative, plural
धर्मायto Dharma
धर्माय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, dative, singular
सप्तविंशतिम्twenty-seven
सप्तविंशतिम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्तविंशति (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
इन्दवेto the Moon (Indu)
इन्दवे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, dative, singular
दिव्येनby divine
दिव्येन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
विधिनाby (the) rite/method
विधिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविधि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
कश्यपायto Kaśyapa
कश्यपाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootकश्यप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, dative, singular
त्रयोदशthirteen
त्रयोदश:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रयोदशन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formfeminine, accusative, plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

वैशम्पायन (Vaiśampāyana)
राजन् (the King—Janamejaya, implied by the narration frame)
धर्म (Dharma)
इन्दु/चन्द्र (Indu/Candra, the Moon)
कश्यप (Kaśyapa)
कन्याएँ (daughters—implied recipients in marriage-giving)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that major social and cosmic continuities are to be established through dharma-governed, ritually proper actions. ‘Giving’ here is not mere transfer but a sanctioned responsibility: alliances are formed according to sacred procedure, reinforcing order (dharma) over impulse or arbitrariness.

In Vaiśampāyana’s narration to the King, a patriarch (contextually Dakṣa) gives his daughters in marriage: ten to Dharma, twenty-seven to the Moon (traditionally associated with the Nakṣatras), and thirteen to the sage Kaśyapa, all performed according to a divinely approved rite.