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Shloka 54

Ādi-parva Adhyāya 3 — Janamejaya’s Rite, Dhaumya’s Parīkṣā, and Uttanka’s Kuṇḍala Quest (सर्पसत्रप्रस्तावना–गुरुपरीक्षा–उत्तङ्कोपाख्यान)

स॒ उपाध्यायवचनं श्रु॒त्वा प्रत्युवाचोच्चैरयमस्मिन्‌ू कूपे पतितो5हमिति तमुपाध्याय: प्रत्युवाच कथ॑ं त्वमस्मिन्‌ कूपे पतित इति,उसने उपाध्यायकी बात सुनकर उच्च स्वरसे उत्तर दिया--“गुरुजी! मैं कुएँमें गिर पड़ा हूँ।' तब उपाध्यायने उससे पूछा--“वत्स! तुम कुएँमें कैसे गिर गये?”

sa upādhyāya-vacanaṃ śrutvā pratyuvācoccair ayam asmin kūpe patito 'ham iti | tam upādhyāyaḥ pratyuvāca kathaṃ tvam asmin kūpe patita iti |

Als er die Worte des Lehrers hörte, antwortete er laut: „Herr, ich bin in diesen Brunnen gefallen.“ Da fragte ihn der Lehrer: „Mein Kind, wie bist du in diesen Brunnen gefallen?“

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपाध्याय-वचनम्the teacher's words
उपाध्याय-वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
प्रत्युवाचreplied
प्रत्युवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उच्चैःaloud
उच्चैः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउच्चैः
अयम्I (this person)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कूपेin a well
कूपे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकूप
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पतितःfallen
पतितः:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus/quoting
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपाध्यायःthe teacher
उपाध्यायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपाध्याय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रत्युवाचreplied/said in return
प्रत्युवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Nominative, Singular
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कूपेin the well
कूपे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकूप
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पतितःfallen
पतितः:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

राम उवाच

U
upādhyāya (teacher)
A
a student/speaker (unnamed)
K
kūpa (well)

Educational Q&A

The verse models ethical inquiry: after acknowledging a problem truthfully, one should investigate its cause. The teacher’s question reflects responsible guidance—understanding circumstances before judging or acting.

A student (or speaker) calls out that he has fallen into a well. The teacher responds immediately by asking how it happened, initiating a cause-and-context discussion.