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Shloka 20

अर्जुनस्य लक्ष्यवेधः

Arjuna’s Hitting of the Target at the Svayaṃvara

आत्महा च पुमांस्तात न लोकॉल्लभते शुभान्‌ | ततोअस्माभि: समीक्ष्यैवं नात्मना55त्मा निपातित:,बेटा! आत्महत्या करनेवाला पुरुष शुभ लोकोंको नहीं पाता, इसीलिये हमने खूब सोच-विचारकर अपने ही हाथों अपना वध नहीं किया

ātmāhā ca pumāṁs tāta na lokāl labhate śubhān | tato ’smābhiḥ samīkṣyaivaṁ nātmanā ’tmā nipātitaḥ ||

Vasiṣṭha sagte: „Liebes Kind, ein Mann, der sich selbst tötet, erlangt nicht die glückverheißenden Welten. Darum haben wir, nachdem wir dies sorgfältig erwogen hatten, uns nicht durch die eigene Hand zu Fall gebracht.“

आत्महाself-killer, suicide
आत्महा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्महन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुमान्a man
पुमान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुमांस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तातdear (son), child (vocative)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
लोकात्from the world (here: from that world/realm)
लोकात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
लभतेobtains
लभते:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
शुभान्auspicious (realms/benefits)
शुभान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ततःtherefore, from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अस्माभिःby us
अस्माभिः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Form—, Instrumental, Plural
समीक्ष्यhaving considered
समीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-ईक्ष्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आत्मनाby oneself
आत्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
आत्माthe self (person)
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निपातितःwas caused to fall / was slain
निपातितः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√पत्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha

Educational Q&A

Suicide (ātmahatyā) is presented as ethically blameworthy and spiritually harmful: it prevents attainment of auspicious post-mortem realms. Hence one should not destroy oneself, even under distress, but act with discernment in line with dharma.

Vasiṣṭha addresses someone affectionately as “tāta” and explains that, after careful reflection, he (or “we”) refrained from self-destruction because a self-killer does not reach blessed worlds.