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Shloka 77

Adhyāya 123 — Droṇa’s Pedagogy: Arjuna’s Preeminence, Ekalavya’s Self-Training, and the Bhāsa-Lakṣya Trial

नातश्षतुर्थ प्रसवमापत्स्वपि वदन्त्युत । अतः: परं स्वैरिणी स्थाद्‌ बन्धकी पञ्चमे भवेत्‌,“आर्यपुत्र! आपत्तिकालमें भी तीनसे अधिक चौथी संतान उत्पन्न करनेकी आज्ञा शास्त्रोंने नहीं दी है। इस विधिके द्वारा तीनसे अधिक चौथी संतान चाहनेवाली स्त्री स्वैरिणी होती है और पाँचवें पुत्रके उत्पन्न होनेपर तो वह कुलटा समझी जाती है

Vaiśampāyana uvāca | nātaś caturtha-prasavam āpatsu api vadanty uta | ataḥ paraṁ svairiṇī syād bandhakī pañcame bhavet ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: «O Āryaputra! Selbst in Zeiten der Not billigen die Śāstra nicht, über das erlaubte Maß hinaus ein viertes Kind zu zeugen. Darum gilt eine Frau, die über diese Grenze hinaus Nachkommenschaft begehrt, als ‘svairiṇī’—eine, die nach eigenem Willen handelt, ohne Zügel; und bei der Geburt eines fünften Kindes wird sie als ‘bandhakī’ angesehen, als Frau von üblem Ruf.»

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अतःtherefore; from this
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
चतुर्थम्fourth
चतुर्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्थ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रसवम्childbirth; begetting; offspring (act of giving birth)
प्रसवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रसव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आपत्सुin calamities; in times of distress
आपत्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआपद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
अपिeven; also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वदन्तिthey say; they prescribe
वदन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
उतand; moreover (emphatic particle)
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
अतःtherefore
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
परम्after that; beyond; further
परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपर
स्वैरिणीa wanton woman; a woman acting at her own will
स्वैरिणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वैरिणी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be; should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Optative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
बन्धकीa kept woman; concubine (lit. bound/attached woman)
बन्धकी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धकी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पञ्चमेin/at the fifth (i.e., on the fifth child)
पञ्चमे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चम
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
भवेत्would become; should become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Optative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts that dharma-śāstra places limits on procreation and that even in hardship (āpatsu) one should not transgress prescribed boundaries; exceeding them is framed as a moral and social lapse.

Vaiśampāyana, as narrator, cites a normative śāstric rule: seeking offspring beyond the allowed number is censured, with escalating labels (‘svairiṇī’, then ‘bandhakī’) used to mark increasing transgression.