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Shloka 17

Īśvara-gītā (Adhyāya 2) — Ātma-svarūpa, Māyā, and the Unity of Sāṅkhya–Yoga

नित्योदितः स्वयं ज्योतिः सर्वगः पुरुषः परः / अहङ्काराविवेकेन कर्ताहमिति मन्यते

nityoditaḥ svayaṃ jyotiḥ sarvagaḥ puruṣaḥ paraḥ / ahaṅkārāvivekena kartāhamiti manyate

Der höchste Purusha ist ewig offenbar, selbstleuchtend und allgegenwärtig; doch durch die undiskriminierende Verwirrung aus dem Ego meint man: „Ich bin der Handelnde.“

nitya-uditaḥever-manifest
nitya-uditaḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnitya + udita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (‘नित्यः उदितः’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of puruṣaḥ
svayamby itself
svayam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; स्वयम् (reflexive adverb: by itself)
jyotiḥlight
jyotiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjyotis (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समनाधिकरण with puruṣaḥ (apposition)
sarvagaḥall-pervading
sarvagaḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva + ga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘सर्वं गच्छति/व्याप्नोति’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of puruṣaḥ
puruṣaḥthe Person (Self)
puruṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
paraḥsupreme/transcendent
paraḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of puruṣaḥ
ahaṅkāra-avivekenathrough the non-discrimination caused by ego
ahaṅkāra-avivekena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootahaṅkāra + aviveka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी: ‘अहङ्कारस्य अविवेकः’), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; करण/हेतु (by/through)
kartādoer
kartā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Root√kṛ + tṛ (धातु + तृ)
Formकर्तृवाचक-नाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उद्धृतवाक्ये (in quoted thought)
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उद्धृतवाक्ये
itithus
iti:
Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; इति-निपात (quotative)
manyatethinks/considers
manyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√man (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing in a Shaiva-Vaishnava synthesis on Self-knowledge and liberation

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

P
Puruṣa
A
Ahaṅkāra

FAQs

It describes the Self as ever-present and self-luminous, pervading all; it is not produced by actions or conditions, but is the constant witness-consciousness (puruṣa) beyond limitation.

The verse points to viveka (discriminative insight) central to jñāna-yoga and Pāśupata-oriented inner discipline: meditation on the self-luminous witness and relinquishing egoic agency (kartṛtva) as a prerequisite for steadiness in samādhi.

By teaching the same non-dual Self as the supreme reality, it aligns Vishnu’s instruction with Shaiva-Pāśupata vocabulary of inner renunciation and knowledge—presenting a shared, unified soteriology rather than sectarian opposition.