Shloka 22

Babhruvāhana Meets a Preta: Vṛṣotsarga, Heirless Death, and the Signs of Preta-Affliction

दृष्ट्वा सो ऽपि चिरं भूपं तस्थौ स्थाणुपिवाग्रतः / तमवस्थितमालोक्य राजा प्राप्तकुतूहलः

dṛṣṭvā so 'pi ciraṃ bhūpaṃ tasthau sthāṇupivāgrataḥ / tamavasthitamālokya rājā prāptakutūhalaḥ

Da er den König lange Zeit ansah, stand auch er regungslos vor ihm, wie eine Säule. Als der König ihn dort stehen sah, wurde er von Neugier erfüllt.

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-भाव (also/even)
चिरम्for long
चिरम्:
Kala (Time/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचिरम् (अव्यय/नपुंसक-प्रयोग)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (for a long time)
भूपम्the king
भूपम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootभूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
तस्थौstood
तस्थौ:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपदम्
स्थाणुःa post/pillar
स्थाणुः:
Upamana (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootस्थाणु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
इवlike
इव:
Upama-sambandha (Comparison/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमावाचक (comparative particle)
अग्रतःin front
अग्रतः:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्रतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; स्थानवाचक (in front)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
अवस्थितम्standing/remaining
अवस्थितम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअवस्थित (कृदन्त; स्था-धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
आलोक्यhaving looked at
आलोक्य:
Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootलोक् (धातु)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund: having looked at)
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
प्राप्तकुतूहलःhaving become curious
प्राप्तकुतूहलः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राप्त (कृदन्त; प्र+आप्-धातु) + कुतूहल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (कर्मधारय/उपपद-तत्पुरुषार्थः: प्राप्तं कुतूहलं यस्य); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

Narrator (Vishnu-to-Garuda discourse context, descriptive narration)

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Concept: Before acting, one may suspend reaction and inquire; curiosity becomes the doorway to understanding subtle realities.

Vedantic Theme: viveka (discernment) arising from pause; turning from reactive fear to inquiry into tattva.

Application: When confronted with the unknown, stabilize attention, observe, and ask clarifying questions rather than escalating conflict.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Type: encounter spot on a path

Related Themes: Garuda Purana dialogues where inquiry to a preta yields instruction (contextual)

R
Raja (King)

FAQs

The king’s curiosity signals a turning point where an unusual encounter prompts inquiry—often leading to instruction on dharma, death rites, and the state of the departed (preta).

By portraying a silent, motionless figure before the king, the verse reflects the eerie, liminal condition typical of preta-journey episodes, setting up teachings about post-death states and the need for proper rites.

When confronted with death-related uncertainty, respond with inquiry and right action—seek scriptural guidance and perform appropriate śrāddha/ritual duties rather than ignoring signs or remaining indifferent.