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Shloka 62

Santaptaka’s Encounter with Five Pretas and Their Liberation through Viṣṇu’s Presence

Devanagari script

शीघ्रग उवाच / पुराहं वैश्यजातीयः साकं सख्या च केनचित् / वाणिज्यं कर्तुमगमं देशमन्यं महाधनः

Transliteration

śīghraga uvāca / purāhaṃ vaiśyajātīyaḥ sākaṃ sakhyā ca kenacit / vāṇijyaṃ kartumagamaṃ deśamanyaṃ mahādhanaḥ

Translation

Śīghraga sprach: Einst wurde ich in einer Vaiśya‑Familie geboren. Mit einem gewissen Freund zog ich in ein anderes Land, um Handel zu treiben, im Besitz großen Reichtums.

Word by Word
शीघ्रगःŚīghraga (proper name)
शीघ्रगः:
Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशीघ्रग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (वक्ता)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
पुराformerly
पुरा:
Kala (Time/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
वैश्यजातीयःborn as a Vaiśya
वैश्यजातीयः:
Karta (Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootवैश्य (प्रातिपदिक) + जातीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः (तत्पुरुषः: ‘वैश्य-जातीयः’ = of Vaiśya birth), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (अहम्)
साकम्together with
साकम्:
Sahakari (Accompaniment)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाकम् (अव्यय)
Formसहार्थक-अव्यय (with)
सख्याwith a friend
सख्या:
Sahakari (Accompaniment)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Instrumental: with a friend)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (and)
केनचित्with someone
केनचित्:
Sahakari (Accompaniment)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अनिश्चितार्थ (someone)
वाणिज्यम्trade/commerce
वाणिज्यम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवाणिज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
कर्तुम्to do
कर्तुम्:
Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
Formतुमुनन्त (Infinitive), प्रयोजनार्थ (in order to do)
अगमम्I went
अगमम्:
Kriya (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formलुङ् (Aorist/Imperfective past), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन
देशम्to a country/region
देशम्:
Karma (Goal as object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदेश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
अन्यम्another
अन्यम्:
Karma (Qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (देशम्)
महाधनःvery wealthy
महाधनः:
Karta (Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा (प्रातिपदिक) + धन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः (बहुव्रीहिः: ‘महद् धनं यस्य’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (अहम्)
Speaker

Śīghraga

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vaiśya-dharma of trade is legitimate, yet wealth and association (sakhya) can become the doorway to greed and downfall if dharma is neglected.

Vedantic Theme: Saṅga (company/association) as a cause of bondage; artha pursued without dharma leads to duḥkha.

Application: Engage in honest livelihood, choose companions wisely, and keep dharma as the regulator of artha.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: trade route/foreign region

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana moral narratives where prior-life conduct explains preta-state; emphasis on artha pursued without dharma

Characters & Entities
Ś
Śīghraga
V
Vaiśya
F
Friend (unnamed)

FAQs

This verse begins a first-person account, showing that one’s social role, choices, and actions (here, trade and wealth) form the karmic background used to explain later consequences in the afterlife narrative.

Indirectly: it sets up the karmic context—who the person was and what they pursued—so the later description of post-death experiences can be understood as results of prior deeds.

Treat livelihood and wealth as ethically accountable: honest conduct in commerce and friendships is implied as foundational, since later outcomes are tied to one’s worldly actions.

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