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Shloka 42

Dharma–Adharma Marks; Daśāha, Piṇḍa Formation, Śrāddha Calendar, Śayyā-dāna, and Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa Rules

Devanagari script

अमन्त्रं कारयेच्छ्राद्धं दशाहं नामगोत्रतः / श्राद्धं कृतन्तु यैर्वस्त्रैस्तानि त्यक्त्वा गृहं विशेत्

Transliteration

amantraṃ kārayecchrāddhaṃ daśāhaṃ nāmagotrataḥ / śrāddhaṃ kṛtantu yairvastraistāni tyaktvā gṛhaṃ viśet

Translation

In den ersten zehn Tagen soll das Śrāddha ohne vedische Mantras vollzogen werden, indem man nur den Namen und die Gotra des Verstorbenen nennt. Die beim Śrāddha getragenen Gewänder sind abzulegen und wegzugeben; erst dann betritt man das Haus.

Word by Word
a-mantramwithout mantras
a-mantram:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota + mantra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; नञ्-समासार्थे उपसर्ग ‘अ-’ (without mantras)
kārayetshould have performed
kārayet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
Formणिच्-प्रयोग (Causative), विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
śrāddhamśrāddha rite
śrāddham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśrāddha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
daśa-ahamthe ten-day period
daśa-aham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdaśa-aha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (दशानां अहः)
nāma-gotrataḥwith reference to name and lineage
nāma-gotrataḥ:
Hetu/Prakāra (हेतु/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma + gotra + tas (अव्यय-प्रत्यय)
Formअव्ययीभाव/तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय; अपादान/हेतु-भावे ‘नामगोत्रतः’ (by/with respect to name and lineage)
śrāddhamśrāddha
śrāddham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśrāddha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
kṛtamdone/performed
kṛtam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा, एकवचन; यहाँ ‘श्राद्धं कृतम्’ (done)
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वयबोधक अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)
yaiḥwith which
yaiḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; वस्त्रैः सह सम्बन्धः
vastraiḥwith garments/cloths
vastraiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvastra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन
tānithose (cloths)
tāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन
tyaktvāhaving abandoned/left
tyaktvā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√tyaj (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (Gerund/क्त्वा)
gṛhamhome
gṛham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
viśetshould enter
viśet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√viś (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Ekoddishta

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Daśāha (first ten days after death)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: For ten days, śrāddha is performed without Vedic mantras, using only name and gotra; ritual garments used in śrāddha are to be abandoned before re-entering the home.

Vedantic Theme: Discipline of boundaries (maryādā) and purification supports mental clarity; symbolic renunciation of ‘contact’ with death-impurity.

Application: During the initial ten-day period, keep rites simple (name-gotra); treat ritual clothing as separate/dispensable; re-enter home only after prescribed purification steps.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Geographic Context

Type: gṛha threshold / ritual boundary

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: daśāha aśauca framework; mantra restrictions; rules for re-entry and purification

Characters & Entities
P
Pitris
P
Preta

FAQs

This verse prescribes that during the initial ten-day period after death, śrāddha is to be done without Vedic mantras and identified by the departed’s name and gotra—marking it as a specific, time-bound preta-related rite.

By specifying daśāha śrāddha procedures, the verse situates the family’s offerings within the immediate post-death phase when the departed is treated as a preta, requiring distinct rites and observances.

If following traditional practice, observe the ten-day śrāddha protocol (name-gotra based, amantra as stated here) and maintain ritual hygiene—such as not reusing the clothes worn for the rite—before resuming normal household entry and routines.

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