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Shloka 12

An exposition on the fruits of charity and on entry into a body

Garbhotpatti, Piṇḍa-śarīra, and Antya-kāla-kriyā

Devanagari script

युग्मासु पुत्त्रा जायन्ते स्त्रियो ऽयुग्मासु रात्रिषु / पूर्वसप्तममुत्सृज्य तस्माद्युग्मासु संविशेत्

Transliteration

yugmāsu puttrā jāyante striyo 'yugmāsu rātriṣu / pūrvasaptamamutsṛjya tasmādyugmāsu saṃviśet

Translation

In geraden Nächten, so heißt es, werden Söhne empfangen; in ungeraden Nächten, Töchter. Darum soll man, nachdem die ersten sieben Nächte vorübergelassen wurden, in geraden Nächten sich vereinigen.

Word by Word
युग्मासुon even (nights)
युग्मासु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time-locative)
TypeAdjective
Rootयुग्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; रात्रिषु इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (understood): ‘on even (nights)’
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
जायन्तेare born
जायन्ते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
स्त्रियःdaughters/women
स्त्रियः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; in second clause)
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
अयुग्मासुon odd (nights)
अयुग्मासु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time-locative)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ+युग्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; रात्रिषु इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
रात्रिषुon nights
रात्रिषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
पूर्वसप्तमम्the first seven (nights/days)
पूर्वसप्तमम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व+सप्तम (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समास-विग्रहः: सप्तमानां पूर्वम् (the earlier seven / first seven)
उत्सृज्यhaving omitted/left aside
उत्सृज्य:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootउत्+सृज् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव; अर्थः: ‘having left/omitted’
तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
Hetu (हेतु/Reason)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतस्मात् इति अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगवत् कारणवाचक-अव्यय (ablatival adverb): ‘therefore/from that’
युग्मासुon even (nights)
युग्मासु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time-locative)
TypeAdjective
Rootयुग्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; (रात्रिषु) इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (understood)
संविशेत्should enter/cohabit
संविशेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+विश् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; अर्थः: ‘should enter/should cohabit’
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Conception is guided by calendrical discipline; prescribed timing is recommended for desired outcomes (sons/daughters) and propriety.

Vedantic Theme: Niyama governing kāma; harmonizing personal desire with dharmic order.

Application: Exercise restraint and planning; follow culturally prescribed timing rules where relevant, while maintaining ethical conduct and mutual consent.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: household/private chamber

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 2.32.11 (mental state at conception)

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
G
Garuda

FAQs

This verse presents a traditional dharmic rule that links the timing of marital union to the expected gender of offspring, advising union on even nights after the first seven nights.

Within the Preta Kanda’s didactic style, it extends dharma into household life by prescribing regulated conduct (niyama) for grihasthas, alongside the text’s wider focus on right living and right rites.

As a takeaway, it emphasizes intentionality and self-restraint in household life—approaching family planning with discipline and ethical responsibility rather than impulse.

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