Shloka 7

Arrival at Yama’s cities: Citragupta’s scrutiny, Dharmadhvaja’s gate, and the necessity of dāna

धर्मराजस्य यद्रूपं सन्तः सुकृतिनो जनाः / पश्यन्ति च दुरात्मानो यमरूपं सुभीषणम्

dharmarājasya yadrūpaṃ santaḥ sukṛtino janāḥ / paśyanti ca durātmāno yamarūpaṃ subhīṣaṇam

Die Tugendhaften, reich an Verdienst, schauen Dharmarāja in einer Gestalt, die der Rechtschaffenheit entspricht; die Bösartigen jedoch sehen ihn als Yama, in furchterregender Form.

धर्मराजस्यof Dharmarāja
धर्मराजस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (of Dharmarāja)
यत्which
यत्:
Sambandha (Correlative)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)
रूपम्form
रूपम्:
Karma (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
सन्तःthe virtuous
सन्तः:
Karta (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘सत्’ = good/virtuous persons
सुकृतिनःmeritorious
सुकृतिनः:
Karta (Subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसुकृतिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
पश्यन्तिsee
पश्यन्ति:
Kriya (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootपश् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन
and
:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
दुरात्मानःthe wicked (evil-souled)
दुरात्मानः:
Karta (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदुरात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (दुष्टा आत्मा यस्य सः)
यमरूपम्Yama’s form
यमरूपम्:
Karma (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (यमस्य रूपम्)
सुभीषणम्very terrifying
सुभीषणम्:
Karma (Object-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + भीषण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Concept: यथाकर्म तथा यथाभावं दर्शनम्—सुकृतिनां प्रति धर्मराजः सौम्यः, दुष्कृतिनां प्रति भीषणः

Vedantic Theme: अन्तःकरण-प्रतिबिम्बवादः/यथाभाव-प्रत्ययः; कर्मसंस्कारैः अनुभूति-रूप-भेदः

Application: स्वभाव-शोधनं (सत्य, दया, संयम) कृत्वा भय-आधारित-जीवनं त्यक्त्वा धर्म-आधारित-विश्वासं वर्धयेत्

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: court/assembly

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: यमस्य रूप-भेद-वर्णन; सुकृत-दुष्कृत-फल-भेद

D
Dharmaraja
Y
Yama

FAQs

This verse teaches that Yama is experienced according to one’s karma: for the meritorious he appears as Dharmarāja (just and auspicious), while for the sinful he appears as a terrifying punisher.

It implies that the soul’s post-death experience is shaped by merit and demerit—inner moral quality determines whether the encounter with the Lord of Death is reassuring or fearsome.

Cultivate dharma—truthfulness, restraint, charity, and non-harm—so that accountability after death is met with clarity and justice rather than fear.