Shloka 6

Preta-mārga Supports (Dāna), Chitragupta’s Accounting, and the Enumeration of Narakas

अन्धकारे महाघोरे श्वपूर्णे लक्ष्यवर्जिते / दीप्ते ऽध्वनि च ते यान्ति दीपो दत्तश्च यैर्नरैः

andhakāre mahāghore śvapūrṇe lakṣyavarjite / dīpte 'dhvani ca te yānti dīpo dattaśca yairnaraiḥ

In dichter, schrecklicher Finsternis — auf einem Weg voller Hunde und ohne jedes Merkzeichen — schreiten jene sicher auf der leuchtenden Straße voran, für die eine Lampe als Gabe dargebracht wurde.

andhakārein darkness
andhakāre:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootandhakāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन
mahā-ghorevery terrible
mahā-ghore:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; (अन्धकारे) इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
śva-pūrṇefilled with dogs
śva-pūrṇe:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśvan (प्रातिपदिक) + pūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (श्वभिः पूर्णः); पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; (अन्धकारे) इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
lakṣya-varjitedevoid of any mark/target
lakṣya-varjite:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootlakṣya (प्रातिपदिक) + varjita (√vṛj/√varj + क्त, कृदन्त)
Formतत्पुरुष (लक्ष्यं वर्जितम्); पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; (अन्धकारे) इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
dīpteon the blazing (path)
dīpte:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdīpta (√dīp + क्त, कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; (अध्वनि) इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
adhvanion the road/path
adhvani:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootadhvan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्ययम्
tethey
te:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम-रूपम्
yāntigo/proceed
yānti:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√yā (धातु)
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्
dīpaḥa lamp
dīpaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/विषय), एकवचन
dattaḥgiven
dattaḥ:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√dā (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (दीपः) इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्ययम्
yaiḥby whom
yaiḥ:
Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/कर्तृ), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम
naraiḥby men/people
naraiḥ:
Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/कर्तृ), बहुवचन

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Beneficiary: Pitr

Concept: Charitable offering of a lamp becomes real protection and guidance in the after-death passage.

Vedantic Theme: Light as symbol of knowledge and grace; dharmic acts generate protective merit that counteracts fear and obscurity in saṃsāra’s transitions.

Application: Practice dīpa-dāna (literal or symbolic) and cultivate ‘light-giving’ actions—education, guidance, safety—for others.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Type: hazardous road/liminal passage

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: repeated praise of dīpa-dāna as remover of darkness in preta-mārga and as a high-merit gift

G
Garuda
P
Pretas
Y
Yama

FAQs

This verse presents dīpa-dāna as a spiritual aid that turns a terrifying, trackless after-death route into an illuminated passage, symbolizing guidance and protection for the departed.

It portrays the post-death journey as dark, frightening, and hard to navigate; the merit of giving a lamp provides “light” that enables the being to move forward on a brightened path.

Practice charitable giving with the intent to relieve fear and confusion—traditionally via lamp-offering or supporting lighting/knowledge—while living ethically so one’s path is made clearer by one’s own merit.