Shloka 11

Yamamārga, Antyeṣṭi-vidhi, and Daśāhika Piṇḍa-dāna

Road to Yama and Ten-Day Offerings

Devanagari script

वस्त्रयुग्मं च दातव्यं कङ्कुमैश्चाक्षतैर्यजेत् / पुष्पमालायुतं कुर्यादन्यद्वारेण सन्नयेत्

Transliteration

vastrayugmaṃ ca dātavyaṃ kaṅkumaiścākṣatairyajet / puṣpamālāyutaṃ kuryādanyadvāreṇa sannayet

Translation

Man soll ein Paar Gewänder spenden und die Verehrung mit Safran und ungebrochenen Reiskörnern vollziehen. Auch soll man die Gabe mit einer Blumengirlande bereiten und sie durch eine andere Tür hineinbringen.

Word by Word

• वस्त्रयुग्मम्: a pair of garments
• वस्त्रयुग्मम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक) + युग्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (वस्त्राणां युग्मम्)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• दातव्यम्: should be given
• दातव्यम्: Vidhi (Obligation/विधि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (तव्यत्-प्रत्यय), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विधेय-भावः (ought to be given)

• कङ्कुमैः: with saffron
• कङ्कुमैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कङ्कुम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अक्षतैः: with unbroken rice grains
• अक्षतैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अक्षत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (प्रयोगे), तृतीया (3), बहुवचन

• यजेत्: should worship/perform offering
• यजेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदम्

• पुष्पमालायुतम्: adorned with a flower garland
• पुष्पमालायुतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुष्पमाला (प्रातिपदिक) + युत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः (पुष्पमालया युतम् = adorned with a garland)

• कुर्यात्: should do/make
• कुर्यात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदम्

• अन्यद्वारेण: through another door
• अन्यद्वारेण: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक) + द्वार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समासः (अन्यं द्वारम्)

• सन्नयेत्: should bring/lead in
• सन्नयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-नी (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदम्

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue to Garuda/Vainateya)

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Ekoddishta

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Immediately connected to antyeṣṭi/early post-death observances (contextual)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Dāna and upacāra-pūjā performed with śraddhā and śauca support the departed and stabilize the living through prescribed conduct.

Vedantic Theme: Karma as niyati-bound duty (vihita-karma) that purifies the mind (citta-śuddhi) and expresses reverence for the subtle journey of the jīva.

Application: Give clothing as dāna; worship with kunkuma and akṣata; include flower garland; follow prescribed entry/exit rules to maintain ritual cleanliness and focus.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: domestic ritual space

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa/Antyeṣṭi-vidhi sections on dāna, upacāra, and śauca (contextual parallel within 2.15).

Characters & Entities

• Garuda
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the importance of donating garments in the Garuda Purana death rituals?

This verse prescribes giving a pair of clothes as part of the rite, treating it as a dharmic offering (dāna) that supports proper ritual completion and merits for the departed context.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

Indirectly: it focuses on correct ritual protocol—worship with akṣata and kunkuma, floral accompaniment, and prescribed manner of bringing offerings—actions that the Preta Kanda frames as supportive observances during post-death rites.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When performing antyeṣṭi/śrāddha-related observances, include respectful dāna (like clothing), keep offerings pure (akṣata, flowers), and follow family/ācārya-guided procedural rules rather than improvising.