Shloka 4

Hymns to Nārāyaṇa: Humility, Bhakti, Yoga, and the Guṇas

Devanagari script

एवं स्तुत्वा हरिं मित्रस्तूष्णीमास तदा खग / तदनन्तरजा तारा स्तोतुं समुपचक्रमे

Transliteration

evaṃ stutvā hariṃ mitrastūṣṇīmāsa tadā khaga / tadanantarajā tārā stotuṃ samupacakrame

Translation

So pries Mitra—der Vogel Khaga—Hari und schwieg dann. Danach begann Tārā, die nach ihm geboren war, mit dem Lobpreis.

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (indeclinable adverb of manner)

• स्तुत्वा: having praised
• स्तुत्वा: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √stu (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having praised)

• हरिम्: Hari (Vishnu)
• हरिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• मित्रः: Mitra (a name)
• मित्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mitra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तूष्णीम्: silently
• तूष्णीम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tūṣṇīm (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• आस: sat/was
• आस: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ās (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक (temporal adverb)

• खगः: the bird
• खगः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: khaga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; मित्रस्य विशेषणरूपेण (appositional)

• तद्: that
• तद्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• अनन्तरजा: born immediately after (younger)
• अनन्तरजा: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anantara (प्रातिपदिक) + ja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (अनन्तरात् जाता = immediately-born/next-born), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ताराया विशेषणम्

• तारा: Tārā
• तारा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tārā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• स्तोतुम्: to praise
• स्तोतुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √stu (धातु) + तुमुन् (तुम्)
• Form: तुमुनन्त (infinitive), प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य (purpose)

• समुपचक्रमे: began/undertook
• समुपचक्रमे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+उप+√क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

Speaker

Narrator (Purana narrative voice)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: stuti sequences where speakers alternate in praising Hari (structural parallel)

Characters & Entities

• Hari (Vishnu)
• Khaga (Garuda)
• Tara

FAQs

What is the importance of praising Hari in the Garuda Purana?

This verse shows the Purana’s emphasis on stuti (devotional praise) as a sacred transition in the narrative—one devotee completes praise and another begins, highlighting continuous remembrance of Viṣṇu.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: while it does not describe afterlife mechanics here, it frames devotion to Hari as a central spiritual act that the text repeatedly places around teachings on dharma and liberation.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Maintain a regular practice of Vishnu-nāma or stotra recitation, and treat devotion as a steady discipline—when one practice ends, continue with another without breaking remembrance.