Shloka 8

Bhadrā and Mitravindā: The Fruits of Namaskāra, Pradakṣiṇā, Hari-nāma, and Śravaṇa of Bhāgavata Kathā

यमो ऽपि तं तत्र उलूखले तु निधाय पिष्टं सुखलैः करोति / यो वा परं न करोत्येव तात प्रदक्षिणं देवदेवस्य विष्णोः

yamo 'pi taṃ tatra ulūkhale tu nidhāya piṣṭaṃ sukhalaiḥ karoti / yo vā paraṃ na karotyeva tāta pradakṣiṇaṃ devadevasya viṣṇoḥ

Auch Yama legt ihn dort in einen Mörser und zermahlt ihn mit Stößeln zu Brei. Aber, mein Lieber, wer niemals die Umrundung (Pradakshina) von Vishnu, dem Gott der Götter, vollzieht, den ereilt ein solches Schicksal.

yamaḥYama
yamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-अर्थ (particle: also/even)
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)
ulūkhalein a mortar
ulūkhale:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootulūkhala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
tubut
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात
nidhāyahaving put/placed
nidhāya:
Kriyā (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootni-dhā (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having placed’
piṣṭamground/pounded
piṣṭam:
Karma (कर्म/परिणाम)
TypeAdjective
Rootpiṣṭa (कृदन्त; पिष् धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त
sukhalaiḥwith pestles/beaters
sukhalaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsukhala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; साधनवाचक (instrumental: with pestles/beaters)
karotidoes/makes
karoti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक सर्वनाम
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (disjunctive particle: or)
paramthe supreme/best (act)
param:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘परम्’ = ‘श्रेष्ठं/उत्तमं’ (as object)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
karotidoes
karoti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारणार्थक
tātaO dear one
tāta:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Roottāta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन
pradakṣiṇamcircumambulation
pradakṣiṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpradakṣiṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
deva-devasyaof the God of gods
deva-devasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक) + deva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (देवानां देवः)
viṣṇoḥof Vishnu
viṣṇoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Afterlife Stage: Naraka

Concept: External neglect of devotional act (Viṣṇu-pradakṣiṇā) signifies absence of surrender; karma ripens as severe suffering.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara-bhakti as purifier; karma-niyati under Yama’s governance; devotion as antidote to fear of death.

Application: Maintain regular pradakṣiṇā and reverential worship of Viṣṇu; integrate bodily devotion into daily practice rather than relying on mere status or claims.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Type: realm/court of Yama

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: Yama’s punishments for nāma-smaraṇa-rahita life (general motif); Garuda Purana: emphasis on Viṣṇu-bhakti as protection at death (general motif)

Y
Yama
V
Vishnu

FAQs

This verse presents pradakṣiṇā of Viṣṇu as a core devotional duty; neglecting it is framed as a serious spiritual lapse that can lead to harsh post-death consequences under Yama’s justice.

It depicts Yama’s realm as a place where moral and devotional failures are met with specific punishments, implying that the soul’s post-death experience is shaped by one’s actions and religious observances.

Maintain regular acts of devotion and ethical discipline—such as respectful temple/prayer circumambulation and sincere remembrance of Viṣṇu—along with right conduct, as safeguards against harmful karmic outcomes.