Shloka 65

Kāraṇa-vyākhyā: Cosmic Agents, Rudra-Forms, Sense-Purity, and Ānanda-Tāratamya

Devanagari script

गावश्च मे संति सदुग्धपूर्णा मित्राणि मे संति मुदा हि युक्ताः / दास्ये सुतं वारणार्थं तु वध्वै पुत्रीं विवाहार्थमहं ददामि

Transliteration

gāvaśca me saṃti sadugdhapūrṇā mitrāṇi me saṃti mudā hi yuktāḥ / dāsye sutaṃ vāraṇārthaṃ tu vadhvai putrīṃ vivāhārthamahaṃ dadāmi

Translation

„Ich habe Kühe, reich an guter Milch; ich habe Freunde, in Freude verbunden. Ich werde meinen Sohn geben, um die Braut zu schützen, und meine Tochter gebe ich zum Zwecke der Vermählung.“

Word by Word

• gāvaḥ: cows
• gāvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: go (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• me: my/of me
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• santi: are/exist
• santi: Kriya (क्रिया/verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)

• sadugdha-pūrṇāḥ: full of good milk
• sadugdha-pūrṇāḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण/modifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sat + dugdha + pūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक); sat=सु (उपसर्गवत्/विशेषण), dugdha (कृदन्त/भूतकृदन्त), pūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (adjective) to gāvaḥ; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (निर्धारण/उपपद-समासभावः: ‘सदुग्धेन पूर्णाः’)

• mitrāṇi: friends
• mitrāṇi: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mitra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• me: my/of me
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• santi: are/exist
• santi: Kriya (क्रिया/verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)

• mudā: with joy
• mudā: Hetu/Prakaraṇa (हेतु/प्रकारण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mudā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), तृतीया (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular); भावे (adverbial-instrumental: ‘with joy/joyfully’)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; emphasis/indeed)

• yuktāḥ: joined/associated
• yuktāḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण/modifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yuj (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण to mitrāṇi (semantic agreement though neuter subject; poetic/collective usage)

• dāsye: I will give
• dāsye: Kriya (क्रिया/verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular)

• sutam: a son
• sutam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• vāraṇa-artham: for warding off (danger)
• vāraṇa-artham: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vāraṇa + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अर्थे द्वितीया/अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः (purpose accusative; ‘for the sake of’); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (‘vāraṇasya artham’)

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; contrast/indeed)

• vadhvai: to the bride/daughter-in-law
• vadhvai: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vadhū (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), चतुर्थी (Dative, 4th), एकवचन (Singular)

• putrīm: a daughter
• putrīm: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putrī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• vivāha-artham: for marriage
• vivāha-artham: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vivāha + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अर्थे द्वितीया/अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः (purpose accusative); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (‘vivāhasya artham’)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• dadāmi: I give
• dadāmi: Kriya (क्रिया/verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular)

Speaker

Narrative example quoted by Lord Vishnu in instruction to Garuda (Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Worldly assets (cows, friends) and life-plans (marriage, protection) can become binding if not aligned with higher purpose.

Vedantic Theme: Saṅga (attachment) as subtle bondage; artha and kula-dharma must be subordinated to sattva and devotion.

Application: Treat wealth and relationships as stewardship; conduct marriages and family duties ethically, without pride or possessiveness.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shringara

Secondary Rasa: hasya

Geographic Context

Type: pastoral-household setting

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: household attachments contrasted with death’s certainty and the need for dharma/bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Garuda
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the importance of household duties (gṛhastha-dharma) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights orderly social responsibilities—supporting dependents, ensuring protection, and arranging marriage—showing that dharma includes practical duties, not only afterlife rites.

How does this verse connect to Garuda Purana themes of karma and conduct?

By emphasizing truthful intention and rightful giving (gifts, protection, marriage arrangements), it points to everyday actions that shape merit (puṇya) and one’s karmic trajectory.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Fulfill family responsibilities ethically—provide care and security, support relationships with goodwill, and treat marriage-related decisions and gifts with integrity rather than display.