Shloka 17

Devotpatti-nirūpaṇa — Hari’s Pūrṇatva

Completeness) and the Ritual Doctrine of Sāra (Essence

Devanagari script

वक्ष्ये विशेषं वैश्वदेवे खगेन्द्र गोप्यं नो वदान्यत्र विद्वान् / सूर्यादीनां ये च दाने च दद्युर्विना वायोरन्तरस्थं हरिं च

Transliteration

vakṣye viśeṣaṃ vaiśvadeve khagendra gopyaṃ no vadānyatra vidvān / sūryādīnāṃ ye ca dāne ca dadyurvinā vāyorantarasthaṃ hariṃ ca

Translation

O Khagendra (Garuda), ich werde die besondere Vorschrift zum Vaiśvadeva-Opfer darlegen—offenbare dieses Geheimnis nirgends sonst, selbst nicht einem Gelehrten. Beim Spenden an Sūrya und die übrigen Gottheiten soll man Vāyu nicht auslassen und ebenso nicht Hari (Viṣṇu), der im Innern weilt als der innere Lenker.

Word by Word

• वक्ष्ये: I shall tell
• वक्ष्ये: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• विशेषम्: a special detail
• विशेषम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वैश्वदेवे: in/with regard to Vaiśvadeva
• वैश्वदेवे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्वदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• खगेन्द्र: O lord of birds (Garuḍa)
• खगेन्द्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खग-इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (खगानाम् इन्द्रः)

• गोप्यम्: secret
• गोप्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गोप्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• न: not
• न: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (not)

• वद: tell/say
• वद: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वद् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• अन्यत्र: elsewhere/to anyone else
• अन्यत्र: Desha/Visaya (देश/विषय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देश/विषयवाचक अव्यय (elsewhere/to others)

• विद्वान्: the learned (one)
• विद्वान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्वस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; वर्तमान-विशेषणार्थे (learned one)

• सूर्यादीनाम्: of Sūrya and others
• सूर्यादीनाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य-आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (सूर्यः आदिः येषाम्)

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

• दाने: in giving/at the time of donation
• दाने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

• दद्युः: should give
• दद्युः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• विना: without
• विना: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विना (अव्यय)
• Form: अपादानार्थक अव्यय/उपपद (without)

• वायोः: (apart) from Vāyu
• वायोः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपपद ‘विना’ योगे पञ्चमी-अर्थः (ablative sense)

• अन्तरस्थम्: dwelling within
• अन्तरस्थम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्तर-स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (अन्तरे स्थितः)

• हरिम्: Hari (Viṣṇu)
• हरिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu

Shraddha Ritual

Timing: Daily (as part of Vaiśvadeva/household offerings)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ritual giving to devas is incomplete without honoring Vāyu and Hari as the indwelling Lord (antaryāmin) who pervades the offering and recipients.

Vedantic Theme: Antaryāmin-brahman: the One within all devas and beings; ritual plurality grounded in nondual inner sovereignty.

Application: When performing offerings/prayers, remember the inner Lord behind all forms; include breath-awareness (Vāyu) and Viṣṇu-smaraṇa to unify practice.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual setting (gṛhya/altar)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.14.16 (Vaiśvadeva context); Garuda Purana 3.14.18 (Vishnu as sole mahātman and enjoyer)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda
• Suryā (Surya)
• Devas
• Vāyu
• Hari (Vishnu)

FAQs

What is the importance of Vaiśvadeva in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames Vaiśvadeva as a precise, rule-bound offering connected to dharma and merit, stressing that the rite must include key divine principles—especially Vāyu and the indwelling Hari—rather than being performed as a generic donation.

How does this verse relate to the soul’s journey after death in the Garuda Purana?

In the Preta Kanda context, correct dāna and offerings support the departed’s welfare; the verse emphasizes completeness of the rite—honoring cosmic deities and the Antaryāmin (Hari within)—as part of the dharmic framework that sustains post-death transitions.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When performing charity or ritual offerings (especially śrāddha-related), do it with clarity and completeness: remember life-breath (Vāyu) and inner divinity (Hari) alongside external deities, and avoid turning sacred observances into casual or performative acts.