Shloka 101

Jñāna-hetu-nirūpaṇa

On the Causes/Means of Knowledge

Devanagari script

तत्रावेशाच्च विज्ञेयं देवानां नात्र संशयः / तस्माच्छतगुर्णैहीनश्चित्तमानसुरो महान्

Transliteration

tatrāveśācca vijñeyaṃ devānāṃ nātra saṃśayaḥ / tasmācchatagurṇaihīnaścittamānasuro mahān

Translation

Schon aus der Tatsache ihres Eintretens (darin) ist zu erkennen, dass sie Devas sind — daran besteht kein Zweifel. Darum ist, wer der hundert Tugenden entbehrt, in Geist und Herz ein großer Asura.

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative setting)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb)

• आवेशात्: from (that) possession/entry
• आवेशात्: अपादान (Apādāna/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आवेश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन (singular)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• विज्ञेयम्: is to be known
• विज्ञेयम्: कर्म (Karma/Object complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-ज्ञा (धातु) + यत् प्रत्यय (कृदन्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (gerundive/भाव्य), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; अर्थः—"ज्ञातव्यम्" (to be known)

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (plural)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative setting)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), देशवाचक (locative adverb)

• संशयः: doubt
• संशयः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संशय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• तस्मात्: therefore/from that
• तस्मात्: अपादान (Apādāna/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), पुं/नपुंसक (m/n), पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन; अर्थः—"from that/therefore"

• शतगुणैः: by/with hundredfold (measures/qualities)
• शतगुणैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत + गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष समास (determinative): शत-गुण (hundredfold qualities); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन

• हीनः: devoid (of)
• हीनः: विशेषण (Adjectival predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हीन (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-भाव)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन; अर्थः—"वर्जितः/रहितः" (devoid of)

• चित्तमानसुरः: the citta-mānasura (mind-being)
• चित्तमानसुरः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्त + मानसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष समास: चित्त-मानसुर (mind-related mānasura); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• महान्: great
• महान्: विशेषण (Adjective of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Daiva/asura identity is determined by inner qualities (virtues) and the nature of one’s entry/participation; deficiency of virtues makes one asuric in mind.

Vedantic Theme: Daiva–āsura sampad (virtue vs vice) as inner markers; antahkaraṇa-śuddhi as prerequisite for higher realization.

Application: Audit one’s conduct against a virtue-set (truthfulness, compassion, restraint, purity); cultivate sattva through daily discipline.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.12.102 (further gradation via subtle-body identification)

Characters & Entities

• Devas
• Asuras

FAQs

What is the importance of virtues in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames “Deva” identity as recognizable through inner qualities; lacking the core set of virtues makes one Asura-like in mind and heart, regardless of outward status.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By emphasizing the mind-heart (citta, mānasa, uraḥ) as the decisive factor, it implies that the soul’s trajectory is shaped by inner character—divine qualities elevate, while vice-driven nature pulls one toward darker states.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate measurable virtues—truthfulness, compassion, self-control, and purity of intention—so the mind and heart align with “Deva” tendencies rather than destructive, Asura-like habits.