Shloka 45

Purusha-Strī-Lakṣaṇa (Samudrika-śāstra): Marks of Kingship, Wealth, Longevity, and Conduct

निः स्वाश्च कुनखैस्तद्वद्विवर्णैः परतर्ककाः / ताम्रैर्भूपा धनाढ्याश्च अङ्गुष्ठैः सयवैस्तथा

niḥ svāśca kunakhaistadvadvivarṇaiḥ paratarkakāḥ / tāmrairbhūpā dhanāḍhyāśca aṅguṣṭhaiḥ sayavaistathā

Mittellose sind an missgestalteten Nägeln zu erkennen; ebenso streitsüchtige Wortkämpfer an verfärbten, bunten Nägeln. Könige tragen kupferrote Nägel, und Reiche haben am Daumen Zeichen wie Gerstenkörner.

निःस्वाःdestitute
निःस्वाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिःस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
कुनखैःwith bad/deformed nails
कुनखैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकु-नख (प्रातिपदिक; कु=दुष्ट, नख=नख)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण
तद्वत्likewise
तद्वत्:
Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्वत् (अव्यय)
Formउपमानार्थक-अव्यय (adverb: 'likewise')
विवर्णैःwith discolored (nails)
विवर्णैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण
परतर्ककाःthose who argue against others; contentious debaters
परतर्ककाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपर-तर्कक (प्रातिपदिक; पर=अन्य, तर्कक=तर्ककर्ता/विवादी)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
ताम्रैःwith copper-reddish (nails)
ताम्रैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootताम्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण
भूपाःkings
भूपाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
धनाढ्याःwealthy
धनाढ्याः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootधन-आढ्य (प्रातिपदिक; धन=wealth, आढ्य=rich)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
अङ्गुष्ठैःwith thumbs
अङ्गुष्ठैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गुष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
सयवैःwith barley-like (marks/texture)
सयवैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस-यव (प्रातिपदिक; स=सहित, यव=जौ/यव)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण (thumbs)
तथाthus; also
तथा:
Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: 'thus/so')

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Concept: External bodily markers (especially nails) are read as indicators of one’s karmic condition and social destiny—poverty, contentiousness, royalty, wealth.

Vedantic Theme: Prārabdha-karma expresses through the body (śarīra) and circumstances; the world is a field where karma becomes legible.

Application: Use such teachings as reflective prompts (self-audit of habits and tendencies) rather than fatalism; cultivate virtues that counter poverty of character (contention, greed) and support dharmic prosperity.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.65: contiguous verses on hand/nail marks and their results (saṃudrika-lakṣaṇa style).

V
Vishnu
G
Garuda

FAQs

This verse presents physical markers (nails and thumb-signs) as outward indicators associated with one’s condition and tendencies, implying karmic and behavioral correlations.

By linking traits like poverty, contentious argumentation, rulership, and wealth with visible bodily features, it frames karma as something that can manifest tangibly in one’s embodied life.

Cultivate truthful, non-contentious speech and disciplined conduct; the verse cautions that persistent quarrelsome tendencies and neglect of dharma are not merely mental habits but shape one’s life outcomes.