Shloka 4

Devanagari script

दुः खप्रदा कुजदशा राज्यादेः स्याद्विनाशिनी / दिव्यस्त्रीदा बुधदशा राज्यदा कोशवृद्धिदा

Transliteration

duḥ khapradā kujadaśā rājyādeḥ syādvināśinī / divyastrīdā budhadaśā rājyadā kośavṛddhidā

Translation

Die Daśā des Kuja (Mars) bringt Leid und kann Königreich und dergleichen vernichten. Die Daśā des Budha (Merkur) schenkt eine edle, gleichsam göttliche Gattin, verleiht Herrschaft und mehrt Schatzkammer und Reichtum.

Word by Word

• duḥkhapradā: bestowing sorrow
• duḥkhapradā: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + pradā (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘दुःखं प्रददाति’

• kuja: of Kuja (Mars)
• kuja: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kuja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; (समासपूर्वपद)

• daśā: Mars’s daśā
• daśā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘कुजस्य दशा’ (कुजदशा)

• rājyādeḥ: of kingdom etc.
• rājyādeḥ: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājya (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; ‘राज्य-आदि’ = kingdom etc.

• syāt: would be
• syāt: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• vināśinī: destroying
• vināśinī: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-nāśinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नाशकारिणी

• divya: divine
• divya: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: divya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: (समासपूर्वपद) विशेषण

• strī: woman
• strī: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: strī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: (समासपूर्वपद) स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक

• dā: giver (of)
• dā: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dā (धातु) + -a (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘दिव्यस्त्रीं ददाति’

• budha: of Budha (Mercury)
• budha: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: budha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; (समासपूर्वपद)

• daśā: Mercury’s daśā
• daśā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘बुधस्य दशा’ (बुधदशा)

• rājyadā: giver of kingdom
• rājyadā: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rājya (प्रातिपदिक) + dā (धातु) + -a (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘राज्यं ददाति’

• kośa: treasury
• kośa: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kośa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/समासपूर्वपद; (समासपूर्वपद)

• vṛddhi: increase
• vṛddhi: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vṛddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/समासपूर्वपद

• dā: giver of
• dā: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dā (धातु) + -a (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘कोशवृद्धिं ददाति’

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra, in many Garuda Purana dialogue frames)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Daśā periods condition outcomes in power, wealth, and relationships according to stored karma.

Vedantic Theme: Artha and kāma fluctuate; dharma-guided use of gains reduces bondage.

Application: In harsh periods avoid aggression and risky ventures; in favorable periods invest wisely, honor commitments, and use prosperity for dharmic ends.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: royal-administrative sphere

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.60.3 (Sun/Moon results); Garuda Purana 1.60.5 (Saturn/Jupiter results)

Characters & Entities

• Kuja (Mars)
• Budha (Mercury)
• Daśā (planetary period)

FAQs

What is the importance of daśā (planetary periods) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse treats daśā as a key timing principle: Mars’ period is described as hardship-causing and destructive to status, while Mercury’s period is prosperity-giving—showing how karma’s results are said to mature through planetary time-cycles.

How does this verse explain outcomes like suffering or wealth in life?

It links life-results (duḥkha, loss of authority, growth of treasury, marriage fortune) to specific graha-daśās, presenting a phala (result) model where different planetary periods activate different karmic outcomes.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a reflective guide for timing and conduct: during challenging phases (like Kuja daśā) emphasize restraint and risk-management; during supportive phases (like Budha daśā) focus on learning, trade, communication, and responsible wealth-building.