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Shloka 14

Dāna-dharma: Threefold Classification, Right Recipients, Auspicious Timing, and Fruits of Gifts

Devanagari script

यावज्जीवं कृतं पापं तत्क्षणादेव नश्यति / कृष्णाजिने तिलान्कृत्वा हिरण्यमधुसर्पिषा

Transliteration

yāvajjīvaṃ kṛtaṃ pāpaṃ tatkṣaṇādeva naśyati / kṛṣṇājine tilānkṛtvā hiraṇyamadhusarpiṣā

Translation

Welche Sünde auch immer im Laufe des Lebens angesammelt wurde, sie vergeht in eben diesem Augenblick, wenn Sesamkörner auf ein schwarzes Hirschfell gelegt werden, zusammen mit Gold, Honig und Ghee.

Word by Word
यावत्as long as
यावत्:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत् (अव्यय)
Formपरिमाण/अवधिवाचक-अव्यय; correl. “as long as”
जीवम्life (for one’s lifetime)
जीवम्:
Kriya-visheshana (Extent/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootजीव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular used adverbially (अवधि-अर्थे)
कृतम्committed
कृतम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (भूतकर्मणि/भूतकालिक), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; Past passive participle “done/committed” (qualifying पापम्)
पापम्sin
पापम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (subject)
तत्क्षणात्from that very moment
तत्क्षणात्:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootतत्क्षण (तत् + क्षण; प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Ablative singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय; emphatic particle
नश्यतिperishes, is destroyed
नश्यति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनश् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; Present, 3rd person singular
कृष्णाजिनेon a black antelope skin
कृष्णाजिने:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्णाजिन (कृष्ण + अजिन; प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Locative singular
तिलान्sesame seeds
तिलान्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतिल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Accusative plural
कृत्वाhaving placed/made
कृत्वा:
Kriya (Gerundial action/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय; Absolutive “having done/placing/making”
हिरण्यमधुसर्पिषाwith gold, honey, and ghee
हिरण्यमधुसर्पिषा:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootहिरण्यमधुसर्पिस् (हिरण्य + मधु + सर्पिस्; प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental singular (collective)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vainateya)

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: As part of a prescribed expiatory/śrāddha-adjacent rite using tila and auspicious dravyas

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Prāyaścitta through prescribed dravya-saṃyoga: ritual act causes immediate pāpa-nāśa.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-phala can be attenuated by expiatory rites; emphasis on śuddhi and transformation through dharmic action.

Application: Adopt sincere expiation and restitution practices; pair ritual with ethical reform (truthfulness, non-harm, charity) to sustain purification.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual setting (domestic/śrāddha space)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana śrāddha/prāyaścitta passages emphasizing tila and ghṛta; Garuda Purana Pretakalpa emphasis on pāpa and its remedies

FAQs

This verse presents tila as a key purificatory substance: when used with specific ritual supports (kṛṣṇājina, gold, honey, and ghee), it is said to neutralize life-long sin immediately.

It frames prāyaścitta as an effective counterforce to pāpa: properly performed, the rite is described as producing an immediate destruction of accumulated wrongdoing.

Treat ritual as paired with ethical reform: use prescribed observances (charity/offerings and disciplined conduct) as a commitment to stop harmful actions and cultivate purity.

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